"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware (first lesson)

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware (first lesson)

Contents of the first part: 1. Introduction of new courses

Galileo doubted Aristotle's views and came up with the law of free fall; Watt discovered the power of steam because he had questions about "why does the lid of the pot jump when the water boils?" He did not blindly follow human achievements and proposed the theory of seismic motion; Newton discovered universal gravitation because he had a question about "why does an apple fall to the ground?" These creations all come from doubt, so what does doubt have to do with learning and creation? Let’s study Gu Jiegang’s “Doubt and Knowledge”.

Doubt and Knowledge PPT, Part 2 Content: 2. New Lesson Explanation

About the Author

Gu Jiegang (1893-1980), a native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, is a historian and has been engaged in education and historical research for a long time. In his research work, he was good at doubting and identifying falsehoods, and he had many original ideas. He edited "Ancient History" and wrote "A Brief Academic History of the Han Dynasty" and "The Preliminary Collection of Miscellaneous Knowledge of Shilin".

Phonetic notation of words

delusion (wàng) step (zhòu) laziness (duò)

enlightenment (dí) stagnation (zhì) private school (shú) teacher

word explanation

False: unfounded by facts.

Sticky to the rules: Mozi during the Warring States Period was good at defending the city. Later, he used the word "sticky to the rules" to mean sticking to the old ways and refusing to improve.

Self-defeating without attacking: It will be destroyed by itself without attacking. Describes an argument as untenable and unable to withstand refutation or attack.

Distinguish falsehood and eliminate falsehood: identify what is false and eliminate what is unrealistic.

Stagnation: refers to the inability to move or develop smoothly due to obstacles.

Structure sorting

Part One: (Paragraphs 1~2) Quoting famous quotes to put forward the central argument: Scholarship must have a skeptical spirit.

Part 2: (Paragraphs 3-5) Demonstrate that doubt is a necessary step in identifying falsehood and eliminating falsehood in the negative aspects.

Part Three: (Paragraph 6) Argument: Doubt is the basic condition for actively constructing new doctrines and inspiring new inventions.

What are the central argument and two sub-arguments of this article?

Central argument: Scholarship requires a spirit of skepticism.

Sub-argument ①: Doubt is a necessary step to identify falsehood and eliminate falsehood from the negative side.

Sub-argument ②: Doubt is the basic condition for building new doctrines and inspiring new inventions from a positive perspective.

Doubt and Knowledge PPT, Part 3: 3. Summary

The central argument of this article is clear and prominent, and the arguments are in-depth. Use sub-arguments to demonstrate the central argument, and analyze the facts thoroughly and thoughtfully. The article quotes famous quotes and gives examples to demonstrate, which makes the article well-founded and enhances the persuasiveness of the article.

Doubt and Knowledge PPT, Part 4 Content: 4. Intensive Training

This article talks about having a "skeptical" spirit, and the article "Humility" talks about being "modest". Is there any contradiction between the two? Why?

"Doubt" and "humility" are both needed for us, and they are not contradictory. "Doubt" means to think independently in order to obtain true knowledge during the learning process, and "humility" means to admit the shortcomings of one's own knowledge and thirst for new knowledge. The relationship between the two is: Only through humility can one seek knowledge, and in seeking knowledge one must go through doubts in order to strive for true knowledge. Therefore, both are needed in the process of understanding the world: we must have both a spirit of humility and a spirit of skepticism. This is the application of materialist dialectics in the academic perspective.

Doubt and Knowledge PPT, Part 5: 5. Assign homework

When a large machine in an American factory broke down and many people failed to fix it, the boss called in an expert. After careful inspection, the expert used chalk to draw a horizontal line somewhere on the machine. The machine was quickly repaired, and the boss paid the expert $10,000 for this. Some people were not convinced. The expert said: "Drawing a line is only worth one dollar; knowing where to draw it is worth nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine dollars."

Extract a point from this material and express it in concise words.

Science and technology are primary productive forces.

Keywords: Free download of Chinese PPT courseware for the ninth grade of the People's Education Press, Vol. 1, Doubt and Knowledge PPT download, .PPT format;

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"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT teaching courseware:

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT teaching courseware Part One: About the author: Gu Jiegang 1893-1980, historian, native of Suzhou, Jiangsu. Graduated from the Philosophy Department of Peking University. He has been engaged in education work and historical research for a long time. In his research work, he is good at doubting and identifying falsehoods.

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware (second lesson):

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware (second lesson) Part 1: 1. Explanation of the new lesson Paragraph 4 has three levels of meaning. Which three levels are they? The first level (the beginning is also the basic condition for doing all knowledge): Pointing out that the spirit of doubt is the basic condition for doing all learning. No..

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware download:

"Doubt and Knowledge" PPT courseware download Part One: Learning Objectives 1. Learn how to set up a hierarchical discussion of sub-arguments around the central argument of this article. 2. Learn how this article is discussed through examples, principles and comparative argument methods; learn these argument methods..