"Diversity of Iron" Properties and Transformation of Matter PPT (Properties of Iron and its Compounds in Lesson 1)

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"Diversity of Iron" Properties and Transformation of Matter PPT (Properties of Iron and its Compounds in Lesson 1)

Part One: What are the new curriculum standards?

1. Understand the properties of iron and its important compounds.

2. Understand the application of iron and its important compounds in production and life.

Diversity of iron PPT, part 2: exploration of new knowledge

Ferrous and iron salts

[New textbook for self-study]

Read the textbook and answer the following questions:

Fe2+ ​​enables the hemoglobin molecule to carry oxygen. If for some reason the Fe2+ in the hemoglobin molecule is oxidized to Fe3+, the hemoglobin molecule will lose its oxygen-carrying capacity and cause hypoxia symptoms in the human body.

(1)The equations for the ionization of FeSO4 and FeCl3 are ____________________ and ____________________.

According to the ionization characteristics, it can be seen that FeSO4 and FeCl3 belong to ________ substances, and the ionic equations of their reaction with NaOH solution are ____________________ and _________________________ respectively.

(2) The valency of Fe element in FeCl3 is ________, and the valency has a tendency of ________, and may have _________ property.

(3) The valency of Fe element in FeSO4 is _____, and the valency has a tendency of __________, and may have ____________ property.

(4) Based on the above experimental conclusion analysis: How should FeSO4 solution be stored in the laboratory? Why?

[Implement new knowledge]

1. The presence of iron in nature

(1) Content: The content of iron in the earth’s crust is second only to oxygen, silicon, and aluminum.

(2) Existence form

① Free state, such as meteorite.

②Combination state, such as pyrite (main component is FeS2), hematite (main component is Fe2O3), magnetite (main component is Fe3O4).

2. iron salt

(1) Properties of salt substances

The ionic equation for the reaction with NaOH solution is Fe3++3OH-==== Fe(OH)3↓. Phenomenon: reddish-brown precipitate is produced in the solution.

(2) Oxidizing property

The valence of Fe element is +3 and it has oxidizing property.

The ionic equations of the reaction between FeCl3 solution and Fe, Cu, and I- are respectively 2Fe3＋＋Fe===3Fe2＋, 2Fe3＋＋Cu===Cu2＋＋2Fe2＋, 2Fe3＋＋2I-===2Fe2＋＋I2. Fe3+ acts as the oxidant in the reaction.

(3) Inspection of Fe3+

Add KSCN solution dropwise to the solution. If the solution appears red, it means it contains Fe3+.

3. ferrous salt

(1) Properties of salt substances

The ionic equation that reacts with NaOH solution is Fe2++2OH-=== Fe(OH)2↓, 4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O===4Fe(OH)3.

Phenomenon: A white precipitate is produced in the solution, which quickly turns to gray-green, and finally turns to reddish-brown.

(2) The valence of Fe element is +2, which is in the intermediate valence state and has oxidizing and strong reducing properties.

① Oxidation: The ionic equation of the reaction between FeCl2 solution and Zn is Fe2++Zn===Zn2++Fe, and Fe2+ acts as the oxidant in the reaction.

② Strong reducing property: The ionic equations of the reaction between FeCl2 solution and Cl2 and acidic KMnO4 solution are 2Fe2＋＋Cl2===2Fe3＋＋2Cl-, 5Fe2＋＋MnO-4＋8H＋===Mn2＋＋5Fe3＋＋4H2O. Fe2+ is used as the reducing agent in the reaction.

(3) Preservation of ferrous salt solution: Ferrous salt solution is easily oxidized to iron salt in the air. When storing, add iron nails or iron powder to the solution to prevent Fe2+ from being oxidized.

[Practice the new exam]

1. Freshly squeezed apple juice will change from light green to brown in the air. The reason may be ()

A． Fe2+ ​​in apple juice becomes Fe3+

B． Apple juice contains Cu2+

C. Apple juice contains OH-

D. Apple juice contains Fe3+

2. Particles that can interact with Fe3+ and prove that Fe3+ is oxidizing are ()

①SCN－　②Fe　③Fe2＋　④Cu　⑤OH－

A． ②④B. ①③⑤

C. ①②⑤ D. Except ③

3. In order to prevent FeSO4 from being oxidized and deteriorating, when preparing FeSO4 solution in the laboratory, a small amount of () is often added to the solution.

A． Copper powder b. iron powder

C. Zinc powder D． Fe2(SO4)3

4. In order to check whether a certain FeCl2 solution has deteriorated, () can be added to the solution

A． NaOH solution B． Iron sheets

C. KSCN solution D. litmus solution

5. In the electronics industry, 30% FeCl3 solution is commonly used to corrode the copper foil on the insulating board to make printed circuit boards. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A． This reaction is a displacement reaction

B． Use KSCN solution to detect Fe2+ in waste liquid

C. Copper in waste liquid can be recovered by displacement method

D. Fe3+ can dissolve Cu, indicating that Cu is more metallic than Fe

Iron, iron oxides and iron hydroxides

[New textbook for self-study]

Read the textbook and answer the following questions:

1. Properties of Fe

2. The picture is a schematic diagram of the blast furnace ironmaking process.

(1) Please analyze the oxidation-reduction reaction in which substances containing iron participate. What are the oxidants and reducing agents respectively?

(2) The ionic equations for the reaction of FeO, Fe2O3 with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid: ____________________________, _______________, so they are ________ oxides.

(3) The reaction between Fe2O3 powder and aluminum powder at high temperature releases a lot of heat and can be used to weld rails. The chemical equation is _______________________________, and Fe2O3 is used as _________ agent in the reaction.

Tips: (1) In the reaction of FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and CO, the oxidants are FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and the reducing agents are CO.

(2)FeO＋2H＋===Fe2＋＋H2O　Fe2O3＋6H＋===2Fe3＋＋3H2O Alkaline

(3)Fe2O3＋2Al=====High temperature Al2O3＋2Fe oxidation

3. Fe(OH)3 is used in the manufacture of medicines, pigments, and as an arsenic detoxifier. Its colloid can be used for water purification.

(1) The ionization equations of Fe(OH)2 and Fe(OH)3 are ____________________________ and ____________________________ respectively,

Both belong to ________, and the ionic equations that react with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid are ____________________ and _______________.

(2) Add NaOH solution dropwise to the FeSO4 solution, the phenomenon is _________________________________________,

Explain why using ionic equations: _______________________, _______________________________________.

[Implement new knowledge]

1. Iron element

(1)Physical properties

[Note]Pure iron is highly resistant to corrosion.

2. iron oxide

3. Iron hydroxide

(1) Comparison of properties

(2) Precautions

① Since the +3-valent iron element has oxidizing properties, Fe(OH)3 undergoes a redox reaction with reducing acids rather than acid-base neutralization reactions; since the +2-valent iron element has reducing properties, Fe(OH)2 reacts with oxidizing acids A redox reaction occurs rather than an acid-base neutralization reaction. In short, the reaction between acid and base is not necessarily a neutralization reaction.

②Fe(OH)2 is easily oxidized to Fe(OH)3 in the air, so the air must be isolated during preparation. The main methods to prevent Fe(OH)2 from oxidizing are:

a. Boil the distilled water used to prepare the solution to remove oxygen from the solution.

b. Insert the tip of the rubber dropper containing the NaOH solution into the bottom of the ferrous salt solution in the test tube, and slowly squeeze out the NaOH solution.

c. Fill the ferrous salt solution with protective gas, such as H2, N2, rare gases, etc.

d. Add a protective layer on top of the ferrous salt solution, such as benzene, vegetable oil, etc.

[Practice the new exam]

1. Which of the following statements about iron and its compounds is correct ()

A． Iron is the most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust

B． The chemical equation for the reaction of iron with dilute hydrochloric acid:

2Fe+6HCl===2FeCl3+3H2↑

C. Iron oxide and ferrous oxide are alkaline oxides that are insoluble in water.

D. Iron can conduct electricity in the molten state, so iron is an electrolyte

2. The toner used in printers contains magnetic oxides. Which of the following substances is magnetic? ()

A． CuO B. Fe3O4

C. Fe2O3 D. MnO2

3. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A． Iron red is ferrous iron oxide

B． Ferric oxide can be regarded as a mixture of iron oxide and ferrous oxide

C. Iron oxide is an alkaline oxide, so it can dissolve in water to form Fe(OH)3 precipitate.

D. The valence of the iron element in ferrous oxide can increase or decrease

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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