"Diamond, Graphite and C60" Carbon and Carbon Oxides PPT Courseware 4

"Diamond, Graphite and C60" Carbon and Carbon Oxides PPT Courseware 4

Recall: What is a pure substance composed of the same elements called? -----Elementary substance

Can the same element form different elements? ------Yes!

For example:

The oxygen element consists of oxygen (O2) and ozone (O3),

Phosphorus consists of red phosphorus (P) and white phosphorus (P).

Carbon element can also be composed of different elements!

Different elements composed of one carbon element

1.Diamond

2.Graphite

3.C60

(Both are elements composed of carbon.)

Life tips

Is the lead in a pencil metallic lead?

is a mixture of graphite and clay

HB in pencil:

H stands for Hard, hard;

B stands for Black, black.

6B is the softest and the darkest;

6H is the hardest,

HB has moderate softness and hardness.

If there is a rusty iron lock that has been unused for a long time, how can it be easily opened?

You can put the pencil lead powder into the keyhole, because the pencil lead contains graphite, which has lubricity and can be used as a lubricant.

Related links

Charcoal is mainly composed of tiny crystals of graphite and a small amount of impurities. It has a loose and porous structure, so it has adsorption capacity.

This property of charcoal is used to absorb pigments in some foods and industrial products, and it can also be used to absorb odorous substances.

Coke, activated carbon, carbon black and charcoal have similar structures

Consolidation exercises

1. Connect the relevant items in the following examples on the left and right with lines.

Graphite refrigerator deodorizer, gas mask

carbon black conductive

Diamond new catalyst

C60 ink

Activated carbon cuts hard metal

2. Fill in the following blanks

Elemental substances formed from carbon element mainly include

Graphite, diamond, C60, activated carbon

3. After the discovery of C60, C70 has also been produced. Which of the following statements about C70 is correct ( )

A. It is a compound

B. It is a simple substance, and it is composed of C70 molecules.

C. It is a mixture

D. Its relative molecular mass is 840

4. Which of the following phenomena is a chemical change ( )

A. Activated carbon absorbs colored and toxic gases

B. The pencil leaves the writing on the paper

C. Cutting glass with diamond

D. Graphite burns in air

practice

1. Among the following statements about diamond and graphite, which one is correct ( )

A. Their physical properties are the same

B. They are two different carbon elements

C. They are compounds of two different carbons

D. They are all composed of carbon elements

2. In 1999, NATO used a "graphite bomb". After the bomb exploded, it released a large amount of fibrous graphite to cover the equipment of the power plant and short-circuit the high-voltage transmission lines of Yugoslavia. What properties of graphite were used?

Answer: Taking advantage of the conductivity of graphite

think about it

1. There is a peculiar smell in the water in a small well. Do you have any method to eliminate it?

2. When digging water wells, some charcoal is often buried around the well. Its function is ____________________. This is because charcoal has a __________ structure and therefore has __________ properties.

Basic drill

1. Which of the following substances is definitely a pure substance ( )

(1) Charcoal (2) Substances containing only one element (3) Diamond

(4) Black powder (5) Pencil lead

A.(1)(2)(4) B.(2)(3)(5) C.(2)(3) D.(3)

2. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Diamond and graphite are both elements of carbon.

B. Carbon elements are all black solids

C. Diamond is the hardest of all substances and graphite is the softest.

D. Graphite is a high-quality insulating material

Key points to remember

The main contents that should be mastered in this lesson are:

1. Physical properties and uses of diamond and graphite.

Diamond, hard. Usage: Engraving glass and cutting marble. Drill bit

Conductive Usage: Electrode

Graphite is soft and is used for making pencil leads.

Lubricity Usage: used as lubricant under high temperature conditions

2. The reason for the different physical properties of diamond and graphite: the arrangement of carbon atoms is different.

Types of amorphous carbon: charcoal. Coke. Activated carbon. carbon black

Properties: charcoal. Activated carbon has adsorption properties

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