"Development and Utilization of Natural Resources" Chemistry and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware (Lesson 2)

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"Development and Utilization of Natural Resources" Chemistry and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware (Lesson 2)

Part One: Core Competency Development Goals

1. Understand the composition of coal, oil and natural gas and the significance of comprehensive utilization, and improve the ability of "macro identification and micro analysis".

2. Understand the content of comprehensive utilization of coal, petroleum and natural gas as raw materials, and cultivate the subject literacy of "change concept".

3. Understand the importance of energy conservation and pollution prevention, and cultivate a "scientific attitude and social responsibility" that pays attention to the sustainable development of society.

Development and utilization of natural resources PPT, part 2: knowledge review

1. Comprehensive utilization of coal

(1) Composition of coal

Material composition: a complex mixture of __________ and __________

Elemental composition: mainly __________, also containing a small amount of ____________________ and other elements

(2) Comprehensive utilization of coal

①Cryogenic distillation

Definition: The process of breaking down coal ____________________

main products:__________,__________,__________,__________,______

②Gasification

Definition: The process of converting coal into ____________________

Main reaction: ____________________

③Liquefaction

Direct liquefaction: reacting coal with hydrogen to produce __________

Indirect liquefaction: coal → ________ → ______, etc.

2. Comprehensive utilization of natural gas

(1)Main ingredients:_____

(2) Comprehensive utilization

clean_______

Chemical raw materials: synthesis of _______ and production of _______, synthesis of ___________ with two, ____ or more carbon atoms, etc.

3. Comprehensive utilization of oil

(1) The composition of petroleum: a mixture of various ______________

(2) Comprehensive utilization of oil

Development and Utilization of Natural Resources PPT, Part 3: Judgment of Right and Wrong

(1) The process of heating coal to decompose it is the carbonization of coal ()

(2) Under certain conditions, coal can react directly with hydrogen to produce liquid fuel ()

(3) Gasification and liquefaction of coal are both physical changes ()

(4) The fractionated products of petroleum are pure products ()

(5) Petroleum is cracked to obtain more liquid fuels such as gasoline ()

(6) The original raw materials for many synthetic polymer materials with excellent properties are coal, oil or natural gas ()

Development and utilization of natural resources PPT, part 4: in-depth thinking

1. Is the gasification and liquefaction of coal a change between the three states of matter (gas, liquid, and solid)? Why?

2. The vehicle fuel used in cars in daily life is generally cracked gasoline. What is the difference between this gasoline and straight-run gasoline? How to identify?

3. At present, most petroleum products are still used as fuel. If petroleum products are used to synthesize polymer materials, their value will increase exponentially. Try to write down the method of using gasoline (the main component is octane C8H18) as raw material to generate polyethylene plastic. Synthetic principle?

Development and Utilization of Natural Resources PPT, Part 5: Tracking and Strengthening

1. The domestic energy supply situation is getting increasingly tense. The rising price of coal has led to power shortages in some areas. This shows the important position of coal in the national economy. Which of the following statements about coal is correct?

A. Coal is an organic compound

B. In terms of material change types, the carbonization of coal includes physical changes and chemical changes.

C. Coal contains a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene. Coal is the main source of aromatic hydrocarbons.

D. The heat released when coal is converted into water gas and then burned will not increase, so the gasification of coal is meaningless.

2. Which of the following transformations does not belong to the comprehensive utilization of coal or petroleum?

A. Retort coal to produce coal tar and coke

B. Gasify or liquefy coal to generate gas or liquid fuel under certain conditions

C. Turn coal into briquettes as fuel

D. Cracking petroleum to produce chemical raw materials such as ethylene

3. Regarding the comprehensive utilization of coal and oil, which of the following statements is correct?

A. Coal contains organic matter such as toluene and xylene, which can be obtained through dry distillation

B. Using coal as the main raw material, methanol can be synthesized

C. The purpose of petroleum cracking is to obtain short-chain unsaturated gaseous hydrocarbons

D. The gasoline produced by petroleum cracking cannot discolor bromine water.

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"Development and Utilization of Natural Resources" Chemistry and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware (Lesson 1):

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"Development and Utilization of Natural Resources" Chemistry and Sustainable Development PPT (Lesson 2) Part One Content: Foundation for Essential Knowledge Literacy 1. Comprehensive Utilization of Coal 1. Composition of Coal 2. Comprehensive Utilization of Coal [Micro Thoughts] If from What should be used to separate aromatic hydrocarbons from coal tar?

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Update Time: 2024-10-24

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