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"DC Motor" Magnetic Phenomenon PPT Courseware 2
Want to discuss
What exists around a magnet? Magnetic Fields What exists around a straight conductor carrying electricity?
Magnets interact with each other through magnetic fields
Will the current-carrying wire also be affected by the magnetic field?
1. The effect of magnetic field on current-carrying wires
Demonstration experiment
① Close the switch and observe the movement of the aluminum straight conductor.
② Change the direction of current or change the direction of magnetic field.
Experimental phenomena
When the switch is closed, the conductor that was originally stationary in the magnetic field moves.
The direction of the current does not change, but the direction of the magnetic field changes, and the direction of motion of the conductor in the magnetic field changes.
The direction of the magnetic field does not change, but if the direction of the current changes, the direction of motion of the conductor in the magnetic field also changes.
2. Basic structure of electric motor
1. An electric motor consists of two parts: a coil that can rotate, also called a rotor.
A fixed magnet is also called a stator.
think about it
If in the second half of the coil's rotation, instead of stopping the power supply to the coil, we try to change the direction of the current in the second half of the rotation so that the coil also gets power in the second half of the rotation, wouldn't the coil rotate more smoothly?
2. commutator
The commutator allows the current in the coil to change every half cycle.
3． How electric motors work
4. actual electric motor
summary
electric motor
1. Working principle: It is made by using the principle that the energized conductor (coil) is forced to rotate in the magnetic field.
2. Classification: DC motor and AC motor
3. DC motor:
(1) Features: Motor powered by DC power supply
(2) Structure: magnet (stator) coil (rotor) commutator
(3) The function of commutator: change the direction of current in the coil
(4) Working process:
4. The rotation direction of the motor is related to the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field.
5. The speed of the motor is related to the size of the current.
6. Electric motors in life
Since the power grid provides AC power, most of the motors in household appliances and industrial motors are AC motors, while most small appliances such as toys that use batteries are DC motors.
The motor has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, small size, high efficiency, and the power can be large or small. Make it widely used in our social life.
practise
1. A current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field ( )
A. Must be affected by magnetic field force B. May be affected by magnetic field force
C. Must not be affected by magnetic field force D. None of the above statements are correct
2. Regarding the relationship between the force direction of a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, the direction of current and the direction of magnetic field lines, which of the following statements is incorrect ( )
A. When the direction of the current changes, the direction of the force on the conductor changes.
B. When the direction of the magnetic field changes, the direction of the force on the conductor changes.
C. The direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field change at the same time, and the direction of the force on the conductor changes.
D. The direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field change at the same time, and the direction of the force on the conductor remains unchanged.
3. The electric motor is made by using the principle that the energized conductor is forced to rotate in the magnetic field.
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"DC Motor" Magnetic Phenomenon PPT Courseware 3:
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