"Current and Circuit" Current and Circuit PPT

"Current and Circuit" Current and Circuit PPT

Part One: Tutoring from Famous Teachers

Difficult points

1. The directional movement of charges creates an electric current.

2. The path of current consisting of power supply, switch, electrical appliances, and wires is called a circuit.

3. There are three states of a circuit: open circuit, open circuit, and short circuit.

Analysis of typical cases

[Example] Regarding current, which of the following statements is correct ()

A. Only the directional movement of positive charges can form an electric current

B． Only free electrons moving in a direction can form an electric current

C. The direction of directional movement of positive charges is defined as the direction of current

D． The direction of directional movement of negative charges is defined as the direction of current

[Analysis] Free charges include both positive and negative charges, and their directional movement can form an electric current; the direction of the electric current is specified by scientists.

Error-prone warning

[Example] The picture shown is the room card of a hotel. Only by inserting the key card into the slot can the lights and sockets in the room have power. The function of the room card is equivalent to a ________ (circuit component) connected in the circuit.

[Error-prone analysis] In the circuit, the function of the power supply is to provide electric energy, the function of the circuit is to consume electric energy, the function of the wire is to transport electric energy, and the function of the switch is to control the on and off of the circuit.

Current and circuit PPT, part 2: basic training

current

As shown in Figure A, electroscope A is negatively charged and electroscope B is uncharged. At the moment when the two metal balls of electroscope A and B are connected with a metal rod with an insulating handle (as shown in Figure B), the direction of the free charge movement in the metal rod is ________, and the direction of the current is ________.

Variation training

1. There are lightning rods on the top of some buildings. The lightning rod is a needle-shaped metal object. It can use the tip discharge to guide the charge carried by the clouds into the earth. If the clouds are positively charged, then when the tip is discharged, the direction of movement of the free electrons in the lightning rod is_ _______ (optional "from the clouds to the earth" or "from the earth to the clouds").

Circuits and circuit diagrams

As shown in the figure, the one that provides electric energy in the circuit is ________, the one that consumes electric energy is ________, the one that controls the circuit is ________, and the one that connects the power supply, electrical appliances and switches is ________.

Variation training

2. Draw a circuit diagram of the physical circuit shown in the figure.

3. According to the circuit diagram shown in Figure A, connect the electrical components in Figure B using stroked lines instead of wires (the connections cannot cross).

path, break, short circuit

As shown in the figure, when switches S1 and S2 are open, the circuit is ________; when S1 is closed and S2 is open, the circuit is ________; when S1 and S2 are both closed, the circuit is ________ (fill in "path" "open circuit" or "short circuit").

Variation training

4. In the circuit shown in the figure, after closing switches S1 and S2, the following analysis is correct ( )

A. The small light bulb lights up and the bell rings B. The small light bulb lights up and the bell does not ring

C. The small light bulb does not light up and the bell rings D. The light bulb doesn't light up and the bell doesn't ring.

Current and circuit PPT, part 3: Consolidation and improvement

1. As shown in the figure, electroscope A is positively charged and B is uncharged. Now use a metal rod with an insulated handle to connect A and B. It is found that the opening angle of A's metal foil becomes smaller and B's metal foil opens. Then the following statement the correct one is( )

A. The metal foils of the electroscope open because they have the same charge

B． The direction of the instantaneous current in the metal rod flows from B to A

C. The positive charge moves from A to B, so both electroscopes have a positive charge

D． Electrons move from B to A, so A becomes negatively charged and B becomes positively charged.

2. Which of the following is not an electrical appliance ( )

3. Regarding the understanding of power supply in circuits, which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Only dry batteries and generators can provide electrical energy, they are power sources

B． Only dry batteries are called power sources

C. Only the generator is the power source

D． Any device that can provide electrical energy can be used as a power source

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