"Cultural Masterpieces of the World" Brilliant Modern Culture PPT Courseware 4

"Cultural Masterpieces of the World" Brilliant Modern Culture PPT Courseware 4

Music Lion

2. Position in music history:

The greatest musician in German history, the terminator of classical music and the pioneer of romantic music, and one of the greatest musicians in the history of the world.

3. The most important contribution:

Developed and created the sonata-symphony musical structure.

The world's greatest composer Ludwig von Beethoven. Born in Bonn, Germany in 1770. He showed musical talent from an early age. Beethoven had signs of deafness when he was nearly 30 years old. Beethoven was completely deaf when he was almost 50 years old. In fact, during the years when Beethoven was completely deaf, he composed music that exceeded the level of his earlier works. The works he created in his later years are generally considered to be his greatest masterpieces. He died in Vienna in 1827 at the age of 57. Beethoven composed a large number of works, including nine symphonies, 32 piano sonatas, five piano concertos, ten piano and violin sonatas, a series of string quartets, vocal pieces, drama pieces, and many other pieces of music. But more important than the quantity of his numerous compositions is their quality. His works organically integrate perfect imagination and unrestrained emotions. Beethoven touched people's heartstrings with his playing, and they no longer considered instrumental music to be a secondary art.

Which piece of music marks Beethoven's artistic and ideological maturity?

This piece was completed in the spring of 1804. It was originally intended to be dedicated to Napoleon, the first ruler of France. However, when he learned that Napoleon would become emperor, Beethoven immediately tore off the cover with the inscription on the score and angrily shouted: "This is A dictator!" When it was later published, he changed the title to "In memory of a great hero." This work was first performed in Vienna in 1805 and was an instant success. From then on, Beethoven became famous in the European music scene.

This work is one of Beethoven's most famous masterpieces, a work that fully embodies the heroic character. The work runs through serious and joyful emotions, always maintaining deep and sincere feelings, and presenting a strong romantic atmosphere. Beethoven himself once claimed that his favorite symphony was this Third Symphony.

3. Beethoven, the lion of music

4. Ideology:

It represents the progressive view of history, ethics and the aesthetic ideals of the emerging class, and expresses the ideal state of human fraternity.

5. Main works:

There are 9 symphonies in total, among which "Symphony of Destiny" (i.e. "Fifth Symphony") is the most outstanding. There are also many works in other genres, such as "Pathétique Sonata" and "Moonlight Sonata".

genius writer

He was the greatest Russian litterateur at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, and one of the most outstanding writers in the world. His literary works occupy a first-class position in world literature. With his long life of hard creation, he reached the peak of European critical realism literature at that time.

1. Leo Tolstoy the person

Tolstoy

(Leo Tolstoy 1828～1910)

A famous Russian writer and educator in the 19th century, a master of critical realism literature, and one of the most outstanding writers in the history of world literature.

Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910), the greatest Russian writer of the 19th century. Born into a noble family, he entered Kazan University in 1840 and was influenced by Enlightenment thinkers such as Rousseau and Montesquieu. In 1847, he dropped out of school and returned to his hometown to try to reform serfdom in his own territory. He served in the Caucasian army from 1851 to 1854 and began writing. Participated in the Crimean War from 1854 to 1855. Several years of military life not only allowed him to see the corruption of upper class society, but also laid the foundation for his ability to realistically depict war scenes in his masterpiece "War and Peace". His famous works: the autobiographical novels "Childhood" and "Youth". From the novella "Morning of a Landowner" (1856), we can see the process of his advocating top-down reform from the position of a liberal aristocrat but failing in his experiment on his own estate.

Tolstoy went abroad in 1857 and saw the many contradictions in capitalist society, but could not find a way to eliminate social evils, so he had to call on people to live according to "eternal religious truths." These views were reflected in his short story "Lucerne" (1857), and later he created "Three Deaths" and "Family Happiness" which explore issues such as life and death, pain and happiness.

Van Gogh (1853-1890)

Also translated as Van Gogh, a famous Dutch painter in the 19th century and a representative figure of the late Impressionism school. Born in Zundert, Netherlands. His paintings mainly focus on the lives of the lower class people. For example, he created "Potato Eaters" based on the lives of poor farmers. He decided to use colors freely and use exaggerated techniques to express his subjective feelings more effectively. During this period, he created a large number of later masterpieces, such as "Sunflowers", "Chair and Pipe", "Cafe Night Market", etc. "Sunflowers" is one of Van Gogh's masterpieces.

Van Gogh's works contain a profound sense of tragedy, a strong personality and a unique pursuit of form, far ahead of the times. Van Gogh's works were not recognized by society during his lifetime. He only sold one work during his lifetime, which was "The Red Vineyard" sold at an exhibition in Brussels in 1890. After the 20th century, the value of Van Gogh's works has been increasingly recognized by people.

According to authoritative information, the auction records of Van Gogh's paintings have repeatedly hit new highs. The following is the sale and purchase of his works after his death:

The auction prices of Van Gogh's works once occupied the top five art auction prices.

On May 15, 1990, the "Portrait of Dr. Gachet" was sold to a Japanese collector for US$82.5 million.

It remained the most expensive piece of art in the world until 2004.

On November 11, 1987, "Iris" was sold for a sky-high price of US$53.9 million.

It shocked the world and caused some controversy.

On March 30, 1987, Van Gogh's Sunflowers sold for $39.5 million.

The buyer is Yasuda Goto, president of Japan's Yasuda Fire and Hainan Insurance Company.

On November 19, 1998, a self-portrait by Van Gogh without a beard was sold for $71.5 million.

After Van Gogh's death, his fame grew. With the exhibition of his works in various places and the publication of letters and even short biographies, Van Gogh gradually became a household name around the world and became one of the most beloved artists.

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