《Cultural Heritage》Period Three PPT

《Cultural Heritage》Period Three PPT

Part One: PART 1 Grammar Introduction

syntax awareness

Perceive the following sentences and complete the questions under the box

1.This is the best TV set that is made in China.

2.Please just tell me anything that you know about the author of the book.

3.The boy and his dog that were believed to be lost in the wood were rescued this morning.

4.John is the boy whose legs were badly injured in the accident.

5.This is a place where children can play without danger.

6.We all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small.

7.The reason why she was late for the exam was that she got stuck in a traffic jam.

1. The attributive clause in sentences 1-3 is introduced by that. This is because when the antecedent is modified by _______________, or when the antecedent is ___________ and the antecedent includes ___________, the relative pronoun is commonly used that.

2. In sentence 4, whose is used to introduce the attributive clause, it is because the attributive clause lacks ___________, and whose acts as this component in the clause.

3. According to sentences 5-7, when a clause lacks an adverbial, the attributive clause is guided by ___________, the missing adverbial of place is guided by ___________, the missing adverbial of time is guided by ___________, and the missing adverbial of cause is guided by ___________.

Grammatical analysis

Restrictive attributive clauses are used to limit the meaning of the antecedent. They do not require a pause when speaking, and do not require a comma when writing. They are usually introduced by the relative pronouns that, which, who, whom, whose, as and the relative adverbs when, where, and why.

1. Basic concepts

1. Antecedent: The word (sometimes a phrase or sentence) modified by an attributive clause is called the antecedent. In the following sentences, the colored part is the antecedent.

She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.

She found her necklace that had been missing for two weeks.

As a general rule, the most successful man in life is the man who has the best information.

Generally speaking, the most successful people in life are those who have the best information.

Do you remember the day when we arrived here?

Do you remember the day we got here?

2. Relative words: The connecting words used to guide the attributive clause are called relative words. It includes relative pronouns (that, which, who, whom, whose, as) and relative adverbs (when, where, why). Relative words must serve as components in the clause. Relative pronouns serve as subjects, objects, predicates, and attributives in clauses; relative adverbs serve as adverbials in clauses.

We’re going to do something that has never been done before. (as subject)

He is a man whom we should all learn from. (as object)

He lives in a house whose window faces south.(attributive)

He is no longer the person that he used to be. (predicate)

At the time when I saw him, he was well. (as an adverbial of time)

They still live in the same house where they lived ten years ago. (as an adverbial of place)

That is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan. (adverbial of reason)

[Warm reminder]

(1) The relative pronoun used as an object can often be omitted. For example: There are some films (that) I’d like to see.

(2) Because the relative word has already served as a certain component in the clause, the antecedent referred to by the relative word should not appear again in the clause. The following sentences are all wrong:

Mrs Smith whom you met her yesterday is a friend of mine.(remove her)

Guilin is a city which it has a history of 2,000 years.(remove it)

This is the place where my mother was born there.(Remove there)

There are moments when I forgot all about it then.(remove then)

2. Types and functions of relative words

1. That is used as a relative pronoun, which can refer to both people and things, and can be used as a subject, object or predicate.

Is he the man that sells eggs? Is he the egg seller? (as subject, referring to people)

Water that is impure often causes serious illness.

Unclean water often causes serious illness. (as subject, referring to things)

2.When used as a relative pronoun, which generally refers to objects and can be used as subject or object.

She was not on the train which arrived just now.

She was not on the train that had just arrived. (as subject)

This is the book which you wanted. This is the book which you wanted. (as object)

3. Who only refers to people and can be used as subject or object in a clause.

A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health.

Doctors are people who take care of people's health. (as subject)

The man who I saw is called Smith. (as object)

4.whom is used as a relative word, referring only to people, and is generally used as an object in a clause.

The gentleman whom she encountered addressed her with courtesy.

The gentleman she met spoke to her politely. (as object)

Cultural Heritage PPT, Part 2: PART 2 Compliance Test

Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative words

1.They were well trained by their masters__________ had great experience with caring for these animals. (2019·National III)

2.In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment __________ is created for them. (2019·National III)

3.The students benefitting most from college are those__________are totally engaged (participation) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (resources). (2019·Beijing)

4.Their child is at the stage__________she can say individual words but not full sentences.(2019·Tianjin)

5.On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth__________gives off light in the dark.(2019·Zhejiang)

6.(1)This is the factory__________I visited last year.

(2)This is the factory__________I worked last year.

7.(1)The reason__________he gave is unbelievable.

(2)The reason__________ I went was that I wanted to meet your friends.

8.(1)I don’t like the way ____________________she deals with the proposal.

(2)I don’t like the way____________________you taught me.

9.(1)I won’t forget the day____________________I took part in the sports meeting.

(2)I won’t forget the day____________________I spent with you on the farm.

10.(1)There was one point____________________we must insist on.

(2)After graduation she reached a point in her career______________she needed to decide what to do.

Ⅱ. Use attributive clauses to combine the following sentences

11.This is the bus.It goes to the university.

12.Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there.

13.There are a number of protests.We are considering them.

14.We took in a dog.It had been abandoned by its former owner.

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