"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT download

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"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT download

Part One: The Struggle between Parliament and Royal Power

At the beginning of the 17th century, Britain began the rule of the Stuart dynasty. King James I came from Scotland. He enthusiastically advocated the theory of "divine right of kings" and longed for arbitrary kingship. He believed that royal power was given by God, and that kings were rulers sent by God to the human world and were sacred and inviolable. He imposed taxes without the approval of Parliament, putting Parliament and the royal power in opposition.

James I's words and deeds were seriously inconsistent with British legal and political traditions. England promulgated the Magna Carta in 1215 to safeguard the privileges of the religious and secular nobles. It stipulated that the king had no right to levy taxes without consultation, and gradually established the basic principles of "limited royal power" and "the king is under the law." At the end of the 13th century, England basically established a parliamentary system. Parliament is composed of two houses, the upper house is composed of nobles, and the lower house is composed of knights and civilian representatives. The power of taxation is in the hands of parliament.

Constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom PPT, part 2: the occurrence of revolution

1. The outbreak of revolution:

(1) "Petition of Rights": In 1628, Parliament submitted a "Petition of Rights" to the king, reaffirming that Charles I could not impose taxes without the consent of Parliament and could not arrest people at will without a court decision; In peacetime, troops cannot be arbitrarily stationed in residents' homes. Charles I first pretended to agree, but after receiving the funding, he dissolved Parliament. The conflict between Parliament and the royal power intensified.

(2) Beginning sign - Parliament reconvened in 1640

(3) Civil War

2. Reasons for the outbreak of revolution:

(1) Economic foundation: the rapid development of capitalist economy

(2) Class basis: the emerging bourgeoisie and new aristocracy are growing stronger

feudal autocratic rule

Economically: infringing on the interests of the bourgeoisie and squeezing the development space of the bourgeoisie

Politically: Advocating the "divine right of kings" and dissolving parliament

(3) Root cause:

Feudal autocratic rule seriously hindered the development of capitalism

British Constitutional Monarchy PPT, Part 3: "Bill of Rights"

Restoration: In 1660, Charles I's son Charles II accepted the conditional invitation from Parliament and became King of England. The British monarchy was restored, but the king's power was greatly restricted. Charles II was succeeded by his brother James II. James II was a Catholic. He restored Catholicism and the autocratic system in England, carried out counterattacks, and aroused people's resistance.

1. Glorious Revolution:

In 1688, a coup occurred in the United Kingdom. Parliament made a decision: to depose James II and welcome his daughter Mary and son-in-law William to the United Kingdom. This coup was known as the "Glorious Revolution" in history. The British bourgeois revolution ended.

2. The establishment of the constitutional monarchy - "Bill of Rights":

The Bill of Rights states:

▲Reaffirm the British's "rights that have existed since ancient times", such as the regular convening of Parliament, the right of members to discuss state affairs and freedom of speech, the right to taxation belongs to Parliament, and citizens can freely petition, etc.;

▲The king cannot abolish the law at will, nor can he stop the execution of the law without the permission of the parliament;

▲The king cannot levy taxes without the permission of Parliament;

▲No Catholic can serve as the King of England, nor can the King of England marry a Catholic;

3. Historical significance:

Based on the Bill of Rights, the United Kingdom established the highest status of parliament in national political life and gradually formed a constitutional monarchy. From then on, differences could be resolved through negotiation in Parliament, avoiding unnecessary violence and civil war.

① The British bourgeois revolution was an important revolution in human history from feudal society to capitalist society. It overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy and established a bourgeois democratic system of constitutional monarchy;

② It cleared the way for the rapid development of British capitalism and made possible the rise and power of Britain in the modern world;

③At the same time, it also had a significant and far-reaching impact on the process of world history.

British Constitutional Monarchy PPT, Part 4: After-class Exercises

1. The fundamental reason for the occurrence of the British bourgeois revolution is ( )

A. British capitalism emerged and was more developed than other countries

B. The influence of humanistic thought

C. Charles I implemented feudal autocratic rule

D. Feudal autocratic rule hindered the development of capitalism

2. The completion of the British bourgeois revolution is marked by ( )

A. Execution of Charles I B. Establishment of the Republic

C. The "Glorious Revolution" occurred D. The "Bill of Rights" was promulgated

Keywords: Free download of history PPT courseware for the ninth grade of the People's Education Press, Vol. 1, PPT download of the British Constitutional Monarchy, .PPT format;

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"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT courseware:

"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT courseware Part One: The Struggle between Parliament and Royal Power In 1688, Parliament decided to depose James II and welcome his daughter Mary and son-in-law William to the United Kingdom. This palace coup returned power to Parliament and marked...

"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT:

"Constitutional Monarchy of Britain" PPT Part One: The Struggle between Parliament and Royal Power (1) At the beginning of the 17th century, Britain began the rule of the Stuart dynasty. King James I enthusiastically advocated the theory of divine right of kings. He imposed taxes without parliamentary approval, making parliament...

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Update Time: 2024-09-03

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