"Consolidation and Development of a Unified Multi-Ethnic State" Political changes in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the consolidation of a unified multi-ethnic country PPT courseware

Description

"Consolidation and Development of a Unified Multi-Ethnic State" Political changes in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the consolidation of a unified multi-ethnic country PPT courseware

learning target

1. Understand the Qing Dynasty’s measures to strengthen jurisdiction over Tibet and further enhance love for the multi-ethnic family.

2. Understand the measures and impacts of the Qing Dynasty to consolidate the northwest frontier.

3. Understand the history of Taiwan and use your own practical actions to safeguard the reunification of the motherland.

Research point: Strengthening jurisdiction over Tibet

Reviewing the historical facts of the Central Plains dynasties strengthening their exchanges with Tibet before the Qing Dynasty

In the Tang Dynasty, Tibet was called Tubo (the ancestor of today’s Tibetans)

1. During the reign of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty, Princess Wencheng entered Tibet;

2. During the reign of Tang Zhongzong Li Xian, Princess Jincheng entered Tibet;

In 3.823, Tang and Tibet formally formed an alliance;

4. The Yuan Dynasty established the Xuanzhengyuan to be responsible for the management of military and political affairs in Tibetan areas.

Emperor Kangxi canonizes the fifth Panchen Lama

The golden seal of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty canonizing Panchen Erdeni (now in Tashilhunpo Monastery, Tibet)

Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty canonized the fifth Panchen Lama as "Panchen Erdeni". This is the golden seal of Emperor Kangxi's canonization of Panchen Erdeni. The text content of the gold seal: the seal of the Panchen Erdeni.

During the Yongzheng period, a minister was established in Tibet

The minister in Tibet was the chief executive assigned to Tibet by the central government of the Qing Dynasty. His full name was "the imperial envoy to Tibet," also known as the "imperial prime minister's minister for Tibetan affairs." There will be one deputy and one deputy, with the deputy title "Assistant Minister".

Research point: Consolidation of the northwest frontier

(1) Put down the Galdan rebellion

Kangxi led his troops to conquer Galdan three times, quelling the rebellion and stabilizing the northwest border areas.

Emperor Kangxi made three personal expeditions and defeated Galdan's rebels. During the Qianlong period, the Qing court stationed generals in Uliasutai to manage the Mobei region and consolidate the northern border.

(2) Putting down the rebellions of Hezhuo and Xiaohe

In 1757, Hezhuo, the great and small, lured and killed the generals of the Qing Dynasty. Hezhuo, the young and old, proclaimed himself Batur Khan and launched a rebellion. In 1758, Emperor Qianlong sent Qing troops into southern Xinjiang to quell the rebellion. At first, the Qing army had a bad start. However, due to the cruel oppression of the Uyghur people by the large and small Hezhuo, the military wages and corvee were booming, the supply was delayed, the family was ruined, and the people fled (defeated and fled), and they used their income to do it, and the people's wealth was exhausted. "The people couldn't bear the suffering and fled one after another. Xiao Hezhuo personally slaughtered the fleeing soldiers and could not stop it. With the support of the people of southern Xinjiang, the Qing army finally crushed this rebellion and reunified the Xinjiang region.

After quelling the Hui tribe's Xiaohezhuo rebellion, Emperor Qianlong established General Yili in Xinjiang and strengthened his rule over the northwest region.

Research point: Zheng’s restoration to Taiwan and the Qing Dynasty’s rule over Taiwan

Historical argument:

Taiwan has been Chinese territory since ancient times

1. In 230, Sun Quan ordered Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi to lead a fleet of ten thousand people to Yizhou (Taiwan). Since then, Taiwan's ties with the mainland have gradually become closer.

2. From 607 to 610, Emperor Sui Yang sent people to Liuqiu three times to strengthen the relationship between mainland China and Taiwan.

3. During the Yuan Dynasty, the "Penghu Inspection Department" was established to manage the Ryukyu and Penghu Islands areas, proving that Taiwan has belonged to China since ancient times.

Zheng Chenggong returns to Taiwan

1. Background: In the 1620s, ________ colonists invaded our country’s treasure island of Taiwan.

2. Summary: In 1661, Zheng Chenggong led his army from ________ and captured the city of ________. The Dutch army retreated to the city of ________. In _________, the Dutch army was forced to surrender. Taiwan finally returned to the embrace of the motherland.

3. Significance: Taiwan, which had been occupied by Dutch colonists for 38 years, has returned to the embrace of the motherland again.

Recovering Taiwan Trilogy:

1. Depart from Kinmen and land in Taiwan

2. Destroy the colonial stronghold Chiyan City

3. The Dutch troops retreated to Taiwan City

How to govern Taiwan

Set Taiwan House

1. Strengthened ties between Taiwan and the mainland

2. Promote the development of Taiwan

3. Consolidated the Qing Dynasty’s rule over the southeastern border and maintained the unity of the country

1. The emperor who successively enthroned the fifth Dalai Lama and the fifth Panchen Lama is ()

A. Emperor Shunzhi and Emperor Kangxi

B. Emperor Shunzhi and Emperor Yongzheng

C. Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong

D. Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong

2. Taiwan Prefecture was first established in the Qing Dynasty ( )

A.Shunzhi period

B.Kangxi period

C.Yongzheng period

D. Qianlong period

3. How did the Qing Dynasty strengthen its management of Tibet?

①Emperor Shunzhi and Emperor Kangxi successively canonized the leaders of Lamaism, the fifth Dalai Lama and the fifth Panchen Lama

② During the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, the Minister of Residence in Tibet was appointed to jointly manage Tibet with the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama on behalf of the central government, and enjoyed administrative, military, financial, diplomatic and other powers.

③When the successors of the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama are determined through the "Golden Pemba Vase" system, it will be supervised by the resident commander.

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Update Time: 2024-10-19

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