"Consolidating the New Regime" PPT courseware on the construction and reform of New China

"Consolidating the New Regime" PPT courseware on the construction and reform of New China

Part 1: Background

The founding of New China marked that our country's history has entered a new era. It is also one of the most important events that affected the post-war world pattern. However, the new people's political power still faces huge difficulties and severe challenges.

Military: Millions of remaining troops of the Kuomintang are fighting stubbornly in the southwest, southern China and some coastal islands. There are still many armed bandits in various places entrenched in the mountains and forests, committing evil crimes. After a year of arduous fighting, the People's Liberation Army liberated all Chinese territory except Taiwan, Tibet and a few islands.

Economically: Brutal plunder and long-term civil war by imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism, soaring prices, shrinking production, and a very backward national economy

Internationally: Imperialism led by the United States carried out military siege, economic blockade and diplomatic isolation against New China

So, how did the Chinese Communist Party overcome difficulties and consolidate the new people's power?

The primary task after the founding of New China: consolidating the new people’s power

PPT on consolidating the new political power, part 2: measures to consolidate the new political power

Politically: Peaceful liberation of Tibet (internal)

1. Tibet has been part of China’s territory since ancient times

(1) Official and effective jurisdiction over Tibet (Tibet became an official administrative region of my country) - the Yuan Dynasty established the Xuanzheng Yuan

(2) Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty canonized the Dalai Lama and Panchen Erdeni, and later Yongzheng established ministers in Tibet.

2. Peaceful liberation of Tibet

(1) Process: Through various efforts, the Central People's Government facilitated the Tibetan local government to send representatives to Beijing for negotiations. On May 23, 1951, the central government negotiated with the Tibetan local government, and the two parties reached an agreement on the peaceful liberation of Tibet. According to the agreement, the People's Liberation Army entered Tibet, and Tibet declared peaceful liberation.

(2) Significance: It marks the complete liberation of mainland China and the realization of the unification of territory and sovereignty.

Smashed the imperialist attempt to split Tibet and safeguarded national unity.

The peaceful liberation of Tibet: marks the liberation and reunification of all mainland China

Economically: Land Reform (1950-1952) (internal)

1. Time: June 30, 1950, the country formulated and promulgated the "Land Reform Law of the People's Republic of China", and carried out land reform in batches and phases in the newly liberated areas.

2. Method: mobilize the masses freely and divide the classes; confiscate, expropriate and distribute land; after review, issue land certificates to farmers to mobilize farmers for production. At the same time, landowners were also given a share of land to cultivate and support themselves.

3. Results: By the end of 1952, except for some minority areas and Taiwan Province, about 300 million landless farmers in the newly liberated areas had been allocated about 700 million acres of land and a large number of farm tools, livestock, houses, etc.; farmers no longer had to ask for help. Landlord pays rent

3. The impact and significance of land reform

① The feudal land ownership system (landlord land ownership system) that had lasted for more than two thousand years in China was completely abolished, and farmers truly realized the ideal of "land to the tiller".

The revolutionary program of equalizing land rights (people's livelihood principle) proposed by Sun Yat-sen was realized.

② Farmers have truly been liberated, mobilizing their enthusiasm for production, liberating rural productivity, accelerating the recovery and development of the national economy, and preparing conditions for the country's industrialization. Farmers' lives have improved significantly.

③Supported the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea

Military: Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea, defend the country (externally)

1. Reason (background)

①In June 1950, the Korean Civil War broke out. The United States brazenly sent troops for armed intervention, landed in Incheon, and launched an all-out war against North Korea. The "United Nations Army" led by the United States crossed the "38th Parallel" and fought all the way to the Yalu River on the Chinese border;

In June 1950, the U.S. Seventh Fleet invaded the Taiwan Strait of China, preventing the People's Liberation Army from liberating Taiwan and interfering in China's internal affairs (unification).

US military aircraft invaded Chinese airspace and bombed and strafed cities on China's northeastern border;

②In order to protect our country, we dispatched troops to North Korea at the request of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

2. Purpose (necessity): to defend the country

3. Time: 1950.10-1953.7

4. War process

Start: October 19, 1950, the Chinese People’s Volunteers with Peng Dehuai as commander entered North Korea to fight

Offensive stage: Five battles and five victories to drive the American invaders back to the vicinity of the "38th Parallel".

Stalemate stage: Talking while fighting, Battle of Shangganling, hero: Huang Jiguang

5. Result: In July 1953, the two sides of the war signed a military armistice agreement, the "Korean Armistice Agreement," at Panmunjeom, ending the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea.

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