"Conversion and Conservation of Energy" Utilization of Internal Energy PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Conversion and Conservation of Energy" Utilization of Internal Energy PPT Courseware 2

1. Transformation of energy

1. Various forms of energy in nature

Electrical energy Mechanical energy Internal energy Light energy Chemical energy

Question: Can various forms of energy be converted into each other?

2. Various forms of energy can be converted into each other

When sawing wood, the saw blade generates heat (mechanical energy, internal energy)

Gas expansion does work and the temperature decreases (internal energy mechanical energy)

The water turbine drives the generator to generate electricity (mechanical energy, electrical energy)

The electric motor drives the water pump to rotate (electrical energy mechanical energy)

Electric current passes through the filament, causing the filament to emit light (electrical energy, internal energy, light energy)

Coal combustion (chemical energy internal energy)

Photosynthesis (light energy chemical energy)

Atomic energy power generation (nuclear energy, internal energy, electrical energy)

Work done by compressed gas (mechanical energy, internal energy)

Charge the battery (electrical energy chemical energy)

3. Energy can be transferred from one object to another

①Instances of mechanical energy transfer from one object to another

The collision of two small balls gives the stationary ball an initial velocity.

②Instances of transferring electrical energy from one object to another

The generator generates electricity to make the light shine

③Instances of transfer of internal energy from one object to another

Keep warm by the stove

2. Law of conservation of energy

Analytical thinking:

1. A cup of hot water placed on the table is cooled. Is there any possible transformation in this process? Has the heat energy of the hot water disappeared?

2. When the electric fan is working, is the electrical energy consumed equal to the mechanical energy obtained by the motor? So where does the rest of the electricity go?

3. There is a saying in our country: "You want the horse to run, but you also want the horse not to eat grass." Do you think this is possible? Why?

Energy is neither destroyed nor created. It can only be transformed from one form to other forms, or transferred from one object to another. During the process of transformation and transfer, the total amount of energy remains unchanged. .

An increase in one form of energy is always accompanied by a decrease in another form of energy or the transfer of another object.

This law is derived from a large number of experimental facts and is a scientific summary of people's long-term observation and research of natural phenomena.

It is one of the most universal and important basic laws of nature and an important scientific basis for people to understand and transform nature.

3. Unrealizable “perpetual motion machine”

1. "Perpetual motion machine": A machine that does not consume any energy or fuel, but continuously performs work on the outside.

2. According to the law of conservation of energy: it cannot be realized.

3. The task of engineering technology is to find ways to rationally utilize energy and reduce unnecessary energy loss during machine operation, rather than to develop a "perpetual motion machine" that can never be realized.

practise

1. Point out the transformation or transfer of energy in the following phenomena:

(1) Photosynthesis of plants; conversion of light energy into chemical energy

(2) Thunder and lightning occur on rainy days; electrical energy is converted into sound energy and light energy

(3) When a person is running, the body heats up and sweats; chemical energy is converted into internal energy

(4) The hand-cranked generator generates electricity to make the light bulb shine.

Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, and electrical energy is converted into internal energy and light energy.

2. Newton’s first law of motion is derived through ________ on the basis of ______; the law of conversion and conservation of energy is a universally applicable law summarized on the basis of a large number of people ________ rules.

3. Geothermal is a new energy source. How to utilize geothermal energy is still a major issue being explored. The energy conversion during geothermal power generation can be represented by the following figure.

( ) can ( ) can ( ) can

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Update Time: 2024-11-21

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