"Composition and Vertical Stratification of the Atmosphere" Earth's Atmosphere PPT Download

"Composition and Vertical Stratification of the Atmosphere" Earth's Atmosphere PPT Download

Part One: Explanation of Curriculum Standards

1. Combined with chart materials, explain the main components and functions of the atmosphere.

2. Use the schematic diagram of the vertical stratification of the atmosphere to analyze the stratification and characteristics of the atmosphere in the vertical direction. (comprehensive thinking)

3. Use examples to explain the connection between the composition and vertical stratification of the atmosphere and production and life. (View of harmony between man and earth)

The composition and vertical stratification of the atmosphere, Part 2: Preview of new knowledge

1. Composition of the atmosphere

1. Main components and functions of the lower atmosphere

2. Changes and effects of human activities on atmospheric composition

Pollutants emitted by human activities enter the atmosphere, which will affect the composition and content of the atmosphere, produce air pollution, and adversely affect the ecosystem and human survival.

2. Vertical stratification of the atmosphere

1. Basis: Divide according to the temperature, movement conditions and density of the atmosphere.

2. Stratification: The atmosphere can be divided into A troposphere, B stratosphere and C upper atmosphere from bottom to top.

3. Ozone hole: The thickness of one thousandth of a centimeter of the ozone layer under standard atmospheric conditions is 1 Dobson unit (DU). When the ozone content is less than 220 Dobson units, it is called an "ozone hole."

The composition and vertical stratification of the atmosphere PPT, the third part: independent detection

1. Judgment of right and wrong

(1) In clean air below 25 kilometers, the combination of nitrogen and oxygen accounts for 99% of the total mass. ()

(2) Carbon dioxide is known as the “protective umbrella of life on earth”. ()

(3) The atmosphere can be divided from top to bottom into the troposphere, stratosphere and upper atmosphere. ()

(4) The temperature in the troposphere decreases with height, and at the top of the troposphere the temperature drops to

-60℃. ()

(5) Oxygen atoms in the stratosphere absorb a large amount of solar ultraviolet rays, causing the atmospheric temperature to rise. ()

Answer(1)×　(2)×　(3)×　(4)√　(5)×

2. Regarding the description of the composition of the atmosphere, which one is correct ()

A. The lower atmosphere is composed of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide

B. Carbon dioxide strongly absorbs shortwave radiation and is the most important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.

C. The ozone layer protects life on earth from excessive ultraviolet rays and is called the "protective umbrella of life on earth."

D. Impurities are mainly distributed in high altitudes and are necessary conditions for cloud formation and rain.

Analysis: The lower atmosphere is composed of clean air, water vapor and impurities, so A is wrong; carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and can strongly absorb long-wave radiation, so B is wrong; Ozone absorbs a large amount of solar ultraviolet rays and protects life on earth from The damage caused by excessive ultraviolet rays is called the "protective umbrella of life on earth", so C is correct; impurities are almost all distributed in the troposphere, so D is wrong.

AnswerC

The composition and vertical stratification of the atmosphere PPT, part 4 content: classroom exploration

What impact do human activities have on atmospheric composition?

Question exploration

Scientists from the National Snow and Ice Data Center and NASA said that the largest glacier area in 2019 reached 14.78 million square kilometers! But the overall trend is worrying!

The glaciers of the North and South Pole, from a distance, look like the "white hats" of the earth, adding great beauty to the earth. However, recent studies have found that the number of Arctic glaciers is declining rapidly at an alarming rate. Scientists predict that within 20 years, Arctic glaciers will completely disappear during hot summers, the earth will lose its "white hat", and polar bears will find it difficult to gain a foothold (pictured). Some scientists believe that people may be underestimating global warming.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency found that for every 1% depletion of total ozone, ground-level ultraviolet rays will increase by 1.5% to 2%. They predict that if there are no restrictions on the production and consumption of chlorofluorocarbons, the total amount of ozone on the earth will be reduced by 25% by 2075 compared with 1985.

Explore with materials:

(1) Global warming is related to which major component change in the atmosphere?

(2) What is the function of ozone?

(3) What effective measures can you propose to address the above problems?

Tip (1) is related to CO2.

(2) Ozone absorbs a large amount of solar ultraviolet rays and protects organisms on the earth from excessive ultraviolet rays.

(3) Reduce the use of fossil energy; protect forests and plant trees; develop new refrigerants and control the production of chlorofluorocarbons.

The composition and vertical stratification of the atmosphere PPT, Part 5: Inspection in class

1. Substances that protect living things on earth from excessive ultraviolet rays are mainly found in the atmosphere ()

A. Troposphere B. Stratosphere

C. Ionosphere D. Upper atmosphere

Analysis: Ozone can absorb ultraviolet rays from the sun and protect organisms on the earth from excessive ultraviolet rays. It is mainly distributed in the stratosphere.

Answer B

2. Regarding the description of the composition of the atmosphere and its functions, which one is correct ()

A. Water vapor and solid impurities will not affect the temperature of the ground

B. The main components of dry air are oxygen and hydrogen

C. Carbon dioxide has a thermal insulation effect on the ground

D. Ozone can absorb a large amount of solar infrared rays

Analysis: Dry air is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ozone, etc. Carbon dioxide is an important raw material for photosynthesis of plants and has a thermal insulation effect on the ground; ozone can absorb a large amount of ultraviolet rays from the sun; the content of water vapor and solid impurities is small, but it is a necessary condition for cloud formation and rain, and it will also affect the ground and The temperature of the atmosphere.

AnswerC

3. Among the atmospheric components, it is not only an important raw material for plant photosynthesis, but also has a thermal insulation effect on the ground ()

A. Nitrogen B. Ozone

C.Carbon dioxide D.Oxygen

Analyze this question to examine the composition and functions of the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is not only an important raw material for plant photosynthesis, but also has a thermal insulation effect on the ground.

AnswerC

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