"Commonly Used Salts" Common Acids, Alkalis, and Salts PPT Courseware 4

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"Commonly Used Salts" Common Acids, Alkalis, and Salts PPT Courseware 4

Knowledge review

Knowledge point 1: Uses of several common salts

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Food processing seasoning, medical saline, chemical raw materials, etc.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

Building materials, calcium supplements, iron-making, steel-making raw materials, etc.

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) soda ash

Production of glass, paper, textiles and detergents, etc.

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHC3) baking soda

Raw materials for baking cakes, treating hyperacidity, and fire extinguishing agents

Knowledge point 2: The composition and chemical properties of salt

Compounds composed of _________ and __________ are commonly called salts.

According to different ________, salt can be divided into sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, iron salt, ammonium salt, etc. (Sodium chloride is sodium salt)

According to different ________, salt can be divided into sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, hydrochloride, etc. (Sodium chloride is the hydrochloride)

Note: Compounds composed of ammonium ions and acid ions are also salts (ammonium salts)

Chemical properties of salt:

1. Reaction of salt and acid

Metathesis reaction of calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid: CaCO3 + 2HCl == CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑.

2. Reaction of salt and alkali

Metathesis reaction of copper sulfate or ferric chloride and calcium hydroxide:

CuSO4 + Ca(OH)2 === Cu(OH)2↓ + CaSO4;

2FeCl3 + 3Ca(OH)2 === 2Fe(OH)3↓ + 3CaCl2.

3. Salt and salt reaction

Metathesis reaction of barium chloride with sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate:

BaCl2 + Na2CO3 == BaCO3 ↓+ 2NaCl;

BaCl2 + Na2SO4 == BaSO4 ↓ + 2NaCl.

Note: Barium sulfate precipitate is insoluble in dilute nitric acid. Based on this characteristic, barium chloride solution can be used to identify sulfuric acid and soluble sulfate.

Example analysis

►Type 1 Classification of substances

Proposition perspective: Test students’ understanding of salt in chemistry.

Example 1 Among the following substances, which one is salt ( )

A. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) B. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

C. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) D. Iron tetroxide (Fe3O4)

[Analysis] A. The cations generated during the ionization of sulfuric acid are all hydrogen ions, which are acids. This is wrong;

B. The anions generated when sodium hydroxide is ionized are all hydroxide ions, which are alkalis. Wrong;

C. Sodium carbonate is a compound composed of sodium ions and carbonate ions. It is a salt. Correct;

D. Ferric oxide is a compound composed of iron and oxygen. It is an oxide. This is incorrect; therefore, choose C.

►Type 2 Common uses of salt

Proposition perspective: Test students’ mastery of common salts.

Example 2 Regarding salt, which is common in life, which of the following statements is wrong ( )

A． Calcium carbonate can be used as a calcium supplement

B． Soda ash is often used in agriculture to improve acidic soil

C. Table salt can be used to season and pickle vegetables, fish, meat, etc.

D． Baking soda is one of the main ingredients of baking powder used in baking pastries.

[Analysis] A. Calcium carbonate can react with hydrochloric acid in gastric juice to form soluble calcium chloride, which is absorbed by the body, so it can be used as a calcium supplement. Correct

B. Hydrated lime is commonly used to improve acidic soil in agriculture. Soda ash is widely used in the production of glass, papermaking, textiles, detergents, etc., and is also often used in the food industry, so it is wrong; C. Salt is an important flavoring agent and can be used for seasoning. and pickled vegetables, fish, meat, etc., correct; D. Baking soda is one of the main ingredients of baking powder used in baking pastries, correct; therefore choice: B.

[Variation question] A white substance is commonly used in steaming steamed buns and fried dough sticks. It can neutralize the acid produced during the fermentation process and can also cause foaming. This white substance is ( )

A． NaOH B. NaHCO3

C. Ca(OH)2 D. NaCl

[Analysis] A. Sodium hydroxide is extremely corrosive and cannot be used in the food industry, so A is wrong;

B. Sodium bicarbonate can react with acid to generate carbon dioxide gas, which is in line with the meaning of the question, so B is correct;

C. Calcium hydroxide is corrosive and cannot be used in the food industry, so C is wrong;

D. Sodium chloride does not react with acid, so D is wrong, so choose B.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Common Acid and Base Salts and Commonly Used Salts", please click the Common Acid and Base Salts ppt and Commonly Used Salts ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-10-20

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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