"Common Landform Types" Landform PPT

Description

"Common Landform Types" Landform PPT

Part One Content: Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the causes and distribution of common landform types. (emphasis)

2. Understand and be able to distinguish the main characteristics of common landform types. (important and difficult points)

Common landform types PPT, the second part: independent preview and exploration of new knowledge

1. Karst landforms

1. Formation: _____ rocks are formed on the surface and underground when they are dissolved in water and carried away, or re _____, under appropriate conditions.

2. Distribution in my country: Guangxi, _____, Yunnan and other places are the most typical and widely distributed.

3. Main types

(1) Surface karst landforms: ravines, depressions, peak forests, etc.

(2) Underground karst landforms: mainly karst caves, containing stalactites, stone mantles or curtains, stalagmites, etc.

[Special Reminder]

The surface karst landform is mainly formed by the erosion of flowing water; while the caves in the underground karst landform are formed by the erosion of flowing water, and the stalactites, stone mantles, stone curtains, stalagmites, etc. in the caves are formed by the deposition of flowing water. of.

2. River landforms

3. Windy sand landform

1. Cause: In _____ area, _____ is mainly formed.

2. Main types

(1) Sand erosion landforms: wind erosion pillars, _____, Yadan and other landforms.

(2) Sand accumulation landform:

Sand Dunes – _____ sand dunes are more common

Growing Plants - Fixed Dunes

No plant growth - _____ dunes

3. Main distribution

____ areas as well as sandy _____ zones, sandy _____ with sparse vegetation, and coasts.

Common landform types PPT, the third part: cooperative exploration to overcome difficult problems

Karst

Half a mile into the cave, the beautiful scenery gradually emerges. A stream bisects the cave in half. The stream is half hanging on the rock wall. There is a unique "navel flying water" in the cave; not far to the left, "General Hu Might" has its back against the stream. Various beautiful scenery appeared sporadically along the way, including the two unique things in the cave: "Tai Shang Laojun's Lost Alchemy Furnace" and "Crystal Girl", which were constantly praised by the people accompanying them. Not far ahead, there are three unique "flowing stone waterfalls" in the cave. At the bottom of the stone waterfall are layers of karst terraces. Not far away, a giant "stone octopus" stands on the "flying saucer"; dots on the ground The stars are eye-catching, and the "pearls" are everywhere...

Question 1 (Geography Practical Ability) How are the holes described in the materials formed?

Tip: The cave described is a karst cave, formed by water erosion.

Question 2 (Comprehensive thinking) How are the various rock forms in the cave shown in the materials formed? What are the main typical landforms?

Tips: It is formed by the sedimentation of flowing water, and is mainly represented by stalactites, stalagmites, stone pillars, stone curtains and other landforms.

[Summary] Distribution of karst landforms

1. The nature and conditions of karst action

(1) Essence: The essence of karst action is the dissolution and deposition of soluble rocks by water containing carbon dioxide.

(2) Basic conditions for karst action

The solubility of rocks is the most basic condition for the development of karst landforms.

The progress of karstification mainly depends on the solubility of rocks and the dissolving ability of water. The depth of karstification is mainly affected by the permeability of rock and the mobility of water. The specific influencing factors are shown in the following table:

Common landform types PPT, the fourth part: Deep expansion of core competencies

Regional awareness: Guilin’s landscapes are unparalleled in the world, and its karst landforms stand out from the rest of the world.

Throughout the ages, "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world" has aroused many people's yearning for Guilin's landscape. However, they do not know that the "soul" of Guilin's landscape lies in its unique karst landform.

The Guilin area in my country was a vast ocean hundreds of millions of years ago. There were a large amount of calcareous sediments on the seabed. Over a long period of time, more than 3,000 meters thick limestone was eventually formed. Later, due to the influence of internal forces, the crust of the Guilin area rose to form land, and limestone was exposed on the surface. The limestone in this area is thick, pure, has extensive voids, and has good solubility and water permeability. The Guilin area is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, with warm climate and abundant precipitation. The local terrain is high in the east, west, and north, and low in the central and southern parts, causing surface water and groundwater to accumulate here. Under the action of dissolution and erosion of running water, local surface materials are continuously taken away, leaving behind a landscape of exposed rock peaks; underground fissures gradually widen and deepen due to the dissolution of groundwater, forming complex underground cave systems and underground rivers. .

Read the geological and landform diagram of a certain place and answer questions (1)~(2).

Legend ① Upper cave ② Lower cave ③ Stalactites and stalagmites ④ Rocks

(1) The order of formation of rocks and landforms in the picture is ()

A. ②④①B. ③①④

C． ④②① D. ④①③

(2) Mountainous areas with typical development of this type of landform ()

A. The phenomenon of wind erosion is significant B. Rock type is granite

C． The soil layer is thin and the soil is poor D. Abundant surface water, poor groundwater

(1)D　(2)C　For question (1), it can be seen from the stalactites, stalagmites and other landscapes in the picture that the place is a karst landform. Soluble rocks form first, and then surface water dissolves the rocks along the cracks in the rocks to create caves. Because dissolution proceeds from the surface to the inside, the upper caves are formed earlier than the lower ones. After the caves are formed, water containing calcium bicarbonate drips from the top of the cave. Calcium carbonate precipitates to form stalactites, stalagmites, etc. Therefore, the order of formation of the rocks and landforms in the picture is ④①③. Question (2): The karst landform is located in the limestone mountainous area, where water erosion is strong and soil erosion is severe, so the soil layer is thin and the soil is poor. ]

Common landform types PPT, the fifth part: Competing literacy standards and solid foundation

1. Among the four landforms, the one formed by wind force is ()

A. ①② B． ②③

C． ③④ D. ②④

2. Among the four types of landforms, those formed due to sedimentation are ()

A. ①② B． ②③

C． ③④ D. ①④

1.D　2.A　[In the figure, ① is a delta landform, ② is a sand dune landform, ③ is a canyon landform, and ④ is a wind-eroded Yadan landform, that is, ① is a flowing water accumulation landform, ② is a wind accumulation landform, and ③ is flowing water Erosion landform, ④ is wind erosion landform. ]

Guizhou is the core area of ​​the Karst World Natural Heritage Site in southern China. Answer questions 3-4 accordingly.

3. The natural conditions for the formation of “Southern China Karst” are ()

A. Warm and rainy climate B. cold dry climate

C． Magmatic rocks are widely distributed D. The vegetation is mainly tropical rainforest

4． The common landforms in “Southern China Karst” are ()

A. Horn Peak B. dune

C． Fenglin D. Wind Eroded Mushroom

3.A　4.C　Question 3. The deep development of karst landforms requires not only the widespread distribution of limestone, but also warm and rainy climate conditions. In areas where karst landforms are widely distributed in my country, the climate is mainly subtropical, and the vegetation is Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest dominates. Question 4: Peak Forest is a common landform in the area, such as Yunnan Stone Forest, Guilin Landscape, etc. Horn peaks are formed by glacial erosion, sand dunes are formed by wind accumulation, and wind-eroded mushrooms are formed by wind erosion. ]

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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