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"Climate and Factors Affecting Climate" PPT courseware
Part One: Climate
1. The meaning of climate: Climate refers to the weather characteristics of a certain area over a long period of time, including average and extreme weather conditions.
It is mainly described by factors such as temperature and precipitation.
[Thinking] What is the difference between climate and weather?
2. The concepts and differences between weather and climate
concept
The comprehensive status of temperature, humidity, air pressure and other factors near the ground in a certain place in a short period of time
Weather characteristics of a certain place over a long period of time
the difference
A.Short-term
B. changeable
A. Long-term
B. More stable
Climate and factors affecting climate PPT, Part 2: Main factors affecting climate
(1) The impact of solar radiation (latitude position) on climate
Solar radiation decreases from the equator to the north and south poles, causing surface temperatures to gradually decrease from low latitudes to the poles. Therefore, the temperature distribution is generally high in low latitudes and low in high latitudes.
Mohe, the northernmost area in my country, has a high latitude, receives little solar radiation, and has low temperatures. Summers are short and winters are long and cold.
Hainan Island has a low latitude, receives a lot of solar radiation, has high temperatures, and has long summers and no winters.
(2) The impact of ocean and land properties on temperature and precipitation
Specific heat (capacity): The heat absorbed (released) per unit mass of a certain substance when the temperature increases (decreases) by 1°C is called the specific heat capacity of the substance.
Q=cmΔT
Noon: The specific heat of seawater is greater than that of sand and gravel. Seawater heats up slowly, while sand and gravel heat up quickly. The temperature of seawater is lower than that of sand and gravel.
Evening: The specific heat of seawater is greater than that of sand and gravel. Seawater cools down slowly, while sand and gravel cool down quickly. The temperature of seawater is higher than that of sand and gravel.
The land heats up quickly and cools down quickly; the ocean heats up slowly and cools down slowly.
【think】
Talk about the different effects of the different properties of ocean and land on climate?
Climate and factors affecting climate PPT, Part 3: Factors affecting climate
(1) Solar radiation (latitude position)
Generally, temperatures are high in low latitudes and low in high latitudes.
(2) The impact of land and sea locations on temperature and precipitation
1. In the same latitude zone, the land temperature is high and the ocean temperature is low in summer, and the opposite is true in winter.
2. Precipitation in coastal areas is generally more abundant than in inland areas far from the ocean.
(3) The impact of terrain on temperature and precipitation
1. In the troposphere, the temperature drops by 6°C for every 1,000 meters the ground altitude rises.
2. It rains more on the windward slope and less on the leeward slope.
(4) Monsoon
In our country, northerly winds prevail in winter, which is cold and dry; in summer, southerly winds prevail, which are warm, hot and rainy.
Climate and factors affecting climate PPT, Part 4: The impact of human activities on climate
Positive impacts: Afforestation, construction of reservoirs, large-scale agricultural irrigation, etc. can improve the microclimate in local areas, increase humidity and precipitation, and reduce drought and flood disasters.
Negative impacts: Destroying forests, emitting large amounts of harmful substances, and causing climate deterioration.
greenhouse effect
With the continuous development of modern industry and changes in people's lifestyles, the extensive use of fossil fuels, and the significant reduction in forest coverage, the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere continues to increase. The atmosphere's insulation effect on the ground has increased, accelerating the trend of global warming. This phenomenon is called the greenhouse effect.
"heat island" phenomenon
With the city center as the center of the heat island, a strong warm air rises here, while relatively cold air sinks over the suburbs, thus forming a suburban circulation.
Various pollutants in the air gather over the city under the action of this local circulation. Without strong cold air, urban air pollution will increase, and the environment for human survival will be destroyed, leading to various diseases in humans. Even cause death.
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"Climate and Factors Affecting Climate" PPT download:
"Climate and Factors Affecting the Climate" PPT Download Part One Content: Climate is a four-character word that describes the climate. The four seasons are like spring. The four seasons are distinct. It is cold all year round. It is hot all year round. Spring is warm, summer is cool, winter is dry, summer is rainy, winter is cold, summer is hot, there are four seasons, there is always winter, and there is summer all year round. Climate refers to the climate of a certain area. .
"Climate and Factors Affecting Climate" PPT:
"Climate and Factors Affecting Climate" PPT Part One: Knowledge Review 1. Weather refers to the ___________ of factors such as ___________, humidity, and air pressure near the earth in a short period of time. Wind, rain, etc. are all ___________. 2. Weather is determined by many...