"Chibi Fu" "*Climbing Mount Tai" PPT

"Chibi Fu" "*Climbing Mount Tai" PPT

The first part: independent learning before class

Chibi Fu

1. Know the background

In the second year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1079), Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (today's Huanggang, Hubei) as deputy envoy of Tuanlian because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. In the autumn and winter of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), Su Shi visited Red Cliff near Huangzhou twice and wrote two poems. Later generations used to call the former "Chibi Fu" or "Former Chibi Fu" and the latter one. It is "Hou Chibi Fu".

[Companion Reading] ①These two literary geniuses have constant personal disputes and grievances because of their completely different ideologies and literary styles. Fortunately, the two were able to shake hands and make peace in their later years.

The one selected here is the previous one. In fact, what Su Shi visited was not Chibi, where Zhou Yu defeated Cao's army during the Three Kingdoms period, but Chibiji in Huangzhou. Here the author is just touching on the scene, using the legends of the time, and using the topic to express his inner depression after being demoted and his perception of the universe and life.

[Companion Reading] ②This place that was once called "Red Bi" is known as "Wen Chibi" because of Su Zi. Lucky for Red Bi and lucky for Huangzhou!

2. Expand knowledge

1. Wutai Poetry Case

The "Wutai Poetry Case" was a famous literary inquisition in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Shi was determined to change the situation of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, but he had ideological differences with Wang Anshi's reformists, so he sought foreign posts and worked in Hangzhou and Mizhou successively. He served in places such as , Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places, and "did not dare to ignore some omissions and abuses" in the implementation of the new law. Later, he wrote some poems and essays related to the new law because of "ridicule", and was criticized by officials such as He Zhengchen and others. The impeachment was for "harboring evil intentions" and "criticizing the public", so when he was in office in Huzhou, he was suddenly arrested and sent to Yushitai for punishment. He was humiliated in prison and almost put to death. Later, after being rescued by many parties (including Wang Anshi), he was He was released and demoted to the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Tuanlian. Su Che, Sima Guang and many others were implicated. Because Yushitai is also called "Wutai"③, this incident is called "Wutai Poetry Case".

[Companion Reading] ③The Yushitai is called Wutai because cypress trees are planted all over the official office, and crows often perch and build nests on the cypress trees. It also means that the censors all have crow's mouths, which makes people smile.

2. Calculation of stems and branches

The "Renxu" in "Renxu Autumn" refers to the ancient dating method of heavenly stems and earthly branches. It means to combine the heavenly stems and earthly branches in a certain order without repetition as codes for recording years, months, days and times. The order of Heavenly Stems (10) is: A, B, C, D, Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, Ren, Gui. The order of the earthly branches (12) is: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, Hai. There is a cycle of 60 years, so there is a saying of "Sixty Years".

3. Mingwen style

endow

Fu is an important style of Chinese classical literature. It is characterized by "using prose and describing objects," focusing on describing scenes and expressing emotions through scenes. ④Fu originated during the Warring States Period, flourished during the Han and Tang Dynasties, and declined during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Fu is the most representative literary style of the Han Dynasty that best reflects the spirit of the times.

It has the following characteristics: the sentences are mainly four or six-character sentences, the sentence structure is well-proportioned and the pursuit of parallelism; the pronunciation requires the harmony of tones and rhythms; the diction pays attention to decoration and allusion; the content focuses on describing the scenery, Use scenery to express emotions.

After a long evolution process, it developed into the mid-Tang Dynasty. Under the influence of the ancient prose movement, the trend of prose culture appeared again. It did not pay attention to parallel couplets and rhythms. The sentence patterns were uneven and the rhymes were relatively free, forming a fresh and smooth prose style. , called "Wen Fu".

[Companion Reading] ④If you have time, you can read the following famous poems: Zuo Si's "Liangdu Fu", Zhang Heng's "Erjing Fu", and Du Mu's "Afanggong Fu".

Part 2: Construction and exploration of task groups

text construction

Chibi Fu

Summary of main themes

This poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt while boating on a moonlit night at Red Cliff. It uses the author's subjective feelings as clues and uses the form of question and answer to reflect the author's transition from the comfort of moonlit boating to the sadness of nostalgia for the past and the sadness of the present. The optimistic thought process of spiritual liberation shows the author's positive and optimistic attitude towards life, which is still loving life despite being in adversity.

*Climbing Mount Tai

Summary of main themes

This article is a landscape travelogue, describing how the author and his friends climbed Mount Tai in winter to watch the sunrise. In concise language, the article vividly describes the magnificent scenery of Mount Tai after the snow and the majestic sunrise. It describes the beauty and magnificence of Mount Tai, which can arouse people's yearning for Mount Tai and feel the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland.

Task exploration

Task Study 1: The moon shines as jade, the sun rises as brightness - Appreciation of prose descriptions of scenery

Mission guidance

The ancients described the sun as the "golden crow" and the moon as the "jade rabbit". The Jade Rabbit rises in the east and the Golden Crow falls in the west. The sunrise is a bright hall, and the moonlight is a jade hall. The two articles have different writing methods when describing the scenes of "moonrise" and "sunrise", and each has its own merits, which are worthy of our careful exploration and appreciation.

mission design

1. How do the two articles describe the beautiful scenery of "moonrise" and "sunrise" respectively?

Appreciate it from the perspective of scene description sequence, scene description angle, rhetorical use, word choice and word refinement.

Answer: The description of "moonrise" in "Red Cliff Ode" is mainly concentrated in the first paragraph. Before writing about the moon, it first writes about the host and guest going boating on an autumn night, reciting poems over wine, and compares the bright moon to a delicate beauty, looking forward to her. Rising slowly. Echoing the poem "Moonrise", "A little while ago, the moon rose above the east mountain, wandering among the bullfights." The word "wandering" vividly and vividly depicts the soft moonlight that seems to be extremely attached and affectionate to tourists. Then write about the night scene after moonrise. Under the bright moonlight, white water vapor covers the river surface, and the skylight and water color merge into one. At this time, tourists are open-minded, comfortable and unrestrained, and the joy of boating is beyond words.

The description of "sunrise" in "Climbing Mount Tai" is divided into three stages: "before sunrise", "sunrise" and "after sunrise". "Before sunrise" is: "I saw dozens of white clouds standing in the clouds, which are mountains." The author looked down from the top of the mountain, and the mountains were like dice. This is when he wrote from the opposite side that the Sun View Pavilion is located at the highest point. at. The word "白" describes the general view of the mountains covered with snow. This dim scene before the sun rises plays a role in setting off the wonderful sunrise scene. The scenery when the sun is about to rise is "a line of clouds in the sky with different colors, which will turn into five colors in a moment." The background of this glow prepares the sun for the sun to rise. "The sun is rising" means "the sun is shining brightly as red as a red pill, and there is a red light shaking underneath it. It may be said that this is the East China Sea." These sentences describe that the sun is rising, its color is red, and it is supported by red light, which expresses the vitality and power of the rising sun. This imaginative description shows the image of the sun as majestic. Writing about sunrise does not end there. "After sunrise", the author turns back and looks west, using the mountain peaks as a backdrop to highlight the light brought by the sunrise.

2. "Climbing Mount Tai" uses metaphors and personification techniques in describing the scenery, each with its own characteristics. Please give an example.

When appreciating, you should grasp the characteristics of the sentence and look for breakthroughs starting from rhetoric.

Answer: ① "The Cangshan Mountain is covered with snow, and the sky is bright and bright." This is the feeling when you first climb to the top of the mountain. The author does not say that the green mountains are covered with ice and snow, but says that the green mountains are loaded with ice and snow, giving the static green mountains a human dynamic, and the language is novel and expressive. Furthermore, the snow on Cangshan Mountain illuminates Tiannan like a candle, vividly depicting the brilliance of the snow.

② "Looking at the city wall in the evening when the sun shines on it, the Wenshui River and Culai River are picturesque, while the mist in the middle of the mountain seems to be there." This is the picture obtained from the distance and overlooking on the top of the mountain. The author looks far away, the sunset shines on Tai'an City, Wenshui River and Cuulai are like natural landscape paintings, and the clouds and mist lingering on the mountainside are like ribbons. "Dwelling in the fog in the middle of the mountain" not only depicts dynamic objects as static, making people feel the unique tranquility, but also uses novel metaphors to give people a sense of beauty.

③ "Looking back at the peaks to the west of the sun, you may see the sun or not, and the colors are bright and purple, but they are all hunchbacked." The peaks "may have the sun or not" have different colors, but their expressions are the same. The so-called " They are all hunchbacked." This metaphor describes the characteristics of the peaks in the west, and also shows the majesty of Riguan Peak, and gives the peaks human emotions, vivid images.

Part Three: Task Group Reading and Practice

1. In the following explanations of punctuated words in the text, the incorrect one is ()

A. The courtyard is as clear and bright as water. Kongming: describes the moonlight as clear and bright as water.

B. All the heroes in Luli belong to the clan. clan: respect.

C. Fang Shanzi is also hale and hearty. hale and hearty: looking happy and happy.

D. Its origin is almost familiar. Almost: probably, I'm afraid.

Analysis: Item C should be surprising.

Answer C

2. Among the following analysis of textual meaning, the incorrect one is ()

A. "Moonlight Enters the House" personifies the moonlight and writes it in a natural and vivid way. The moonlight seemed to understand the loneliness and boredom of the immigrant, and took the initiative to keep him company, intending to comfort the frustrated poet.

B. "Thinking of Nothingness and Being Happy" writes that the author had difficulty finding a confidant during his demotion, and had no choice but to find a man named Zhang Huaimin who happened to be unable to sleep.

C. When Fang Shanzi was young and in his prime, he was vigorous, energetic, and full of chivalry; in his later years, he was poor and happy, with a peaceful mind. The author consciously chooses these two contrasting behaviors to enrich his image.

D. The structure of "You Baishui Shu Fu Guo" is based on time as a clue, and the writing method is mainly narrative, with both situation and scenery expressing emotions. The article's material is detailed and appropriate, and its selection of words is concise and meaningful.

Analysis: Item C, "When Fang Shanzi was young and in his prime, he was full of energy, high-spirited, and full of chivalry" is wrong. The original text should be that when he was in his prime, he "read books at every turn, hoping to ride in the world."

Answer C

3. Answer to Reading Material 1 and Material 2: What are the differences in the life experiences of Su Shi and Fang Shanzi? What are their ways of sorting themselves out?

Answer ① Life encounters: Su Shi was demoted and Fang Shanzi was "unlucky".

②Disposal method: Su Shi seeks friends and enjoys the scenery, while Fang Shanzi lives in seclusion.

4. Materials 1 and 3 are both Su Shi’s landscape essays, but they express different feelings. Please summarize what thoughts and feelings the author expresses in the two texts.

Answer: Material 1 contains various subtle and complex emotions such as the sadness of being relegated, the emotion of life, the joy of admiring the moon, and the leisurely stroll.

Material three expresses the author's closeness and love for nature. (Or: It expresses the old man Dongpo's mood of being content with the situation and having fun.)

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