"Chemistry is Amazing" Entering the Palace of Chemistry PPT (Lesson 2)

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"Chemistry is Amazing" Entering the Palace of Chemistry PPT (Lesson 2), 18 pages in total.

1. Introduction of new courses

What are the similarities among these changes?

Charcoal burns, grapes turn into wine, iron rusts

2. Chemical changes and physical changes

[Experiment 1-1] Clamp the test tube containing a small amount of water diagonally on the iron stand. Carefully heat the water in the bottom of the test tube until it boils. Move a clean glass piece close to the mouth of the test tube, observe and record what happens.

【think】

What characteristics do the changes in matter in the two experiments have in common? Are new substances generated?

There is no generation of new matter, only changes in state or shape.

Physical change: A change that does not produce other substances.

Physical changes in life: light bulbs glow, water freezes

[Experiment 2-1] Put a small amount of bile alum before and after grinding into two test tubes, add a small amount of water, and shake to obtain a clear copper sulfate solution. Then add sodium hydroxide solution dropwise to the two test tubes, and observe and record the phenomena occurring in the test tubes.

[Experiment 2-2] Add an appropriate amount of dilute hydrochloric acid to a test tube containing a small amount of limestone (or marble). Pay attention to observe and record the changes that occur in the test tubes and beakers.

3. Energy changes in chemical reactions

During chemical changes, not only new substances are generated, but there are also changes in energy.

4. Classroom exercises

[Exercise] Determine which of the following changes are physical changes? What are chemical changes?

① broken glass; ② wood burning; ③ water freezes; ④ copper rusts; ⑤ alcohol volatilizes; ⑥ iron turns into "molten iron"; ⑦ human body's respiration; ⑧ photosynthesis of plants; ⑨ electric lamps emit light; ⑩ food Corruption; ⑪Sea salt; ⑫Sucrose dissolution; ⑬Disappearance of mothballs; ⑭Fruit juice; ⑮Milk becomes sour

1. One of the following changes is different from the other three changes. This change is ( )

A. Evaporation B. Deformation C. Water turns into ice D. Substance combustion

2. The main basis for judging that burning charcoal in air is a chemical change is ( )

A.Produce red light B.Emit a lot of heat

C. Generation of colorless gas carbon dioxide D. Disappearance of charcoal

3. Which of the following changes are physical changes ( )

A. The kitchen knife is rusty B. The milk becomes sour

C. Gas leakage and fire explosion D. Steam boiler explosion

4. Ancient poems are precious treasures left by the ancients for us. Among the following poems, the ones that only involve physical changes are ( )

A. The wildfires will not burn out, but the spring breeze will blow them again. B. The spring silkworms will not be exhausted until they die, and the wax torch will turn to ashes before the tears dry up.

C. As long as you work hard, the iron pestle can be ground into a needle. D. The sound of firecrackers eliminates one year old, and the spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu.

5. Class Summary

1. Changes in matter

(1) Physical changes

1. Concept: Changes that do not produce other substances are called physical changes.

2. Characteristics: No other substances are generated, only changes in shape and state (gaseous, liquid, solid).

(2) Chemical changes

1. Concept: Changes that produce other substances are called chemical changes. (also called chemical reaction)

2. Characteristics: ① New substances are generated, often manifested as color changes, gas release, precipitation, etc.

② Often accompanied by energy changes, often manifested as heat absorption, heat release, luminescence, etc.

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Update Time: 2024-11-06

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Lu Jiao Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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