"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware

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"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware

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An element in the human body

1. Existence form: There are more than 50 elements in the human body, among which several elements such as ____, ____, ____, ____ mainly exist in the human body in the form of water, sugar, fat, protein and vitamins, while other elements mainly exist in the form of_ exists in the form of _______________________.

2. Content: Eleven elements including ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine and magnesium are abundant in the human body, accounting for approximately 99.45% of the human body weight in total. The content of other elements rare.

3． Major elements and trace elements: refer to elements that exist in the form of __________. Elements with a content of _______________ are major elements, and elements with a content of ____________ are trace elements.

4． Elements and human health

Calcium Ca gives ______ and ______ a hard structural scaffold and is prone to rickets and osteoporosis.

Iron (Fe) is a component of hemoglobin and can help oxygen transport. Iron deficiency in children can cause anemia.

5. How to identify iodized salt

Into a test tube containing a mixture of ___________, drop dilute hydrochloric acid (or dilute sulfuric acid, vinegar) to acidify the solution, then add salt, and observe that the solution appears ______.

2. Nutrients in food

1. Nutrients contained in food consumed by humans are generally divided into six categories, mainly divided into __________________. Vitamins, minerals and water cannot release energy.

2. Organic nutrients in food

(1) Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins belong to __________ (fill in the substance category).

(2) Carbohydrates: Also known as carbohydrates, they are the main source of _________ required by the body (60% to 70% of the human body’s energy comes from carbohydrates).

(3) Fat: Commonly known as ________, it is the body’s ________ energy source. Mainly derived from pork, vegetable oil (such as soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, etc.) and foods containing more fat (such as soybeans, peanuts, nuts, etc.).

(4)Protein

①Function: The main nutrients required by ____________ are also the basic substances of ____________.

②Source: ____________________ and beans and other foods.

③Enzymes: Enzymes are a type of ____________ that can catalyze reactions in organisms. Different enzymes have different catalytic effects.

④ Denaturation: When protein encounters _________, __________, or acid, alkali and certain organic matter, it will destroy biological activity and deteriorate. This is the reason why living organisms suffer damage and poisoning.

(5) Vitamins: Most of them cannot be synthesized directly in the human body and need to be taken in from food and cannot provide energy. Its main function is to regulate metabolism, prevent diseases, and maintain good health.

3. Medicines for treating diseases

1. Classification of chemicals

Medical drugs can be divided into __________, _______ and compound drugs.

[Note] Compound medicine refers to drug compatibility, that is, two or more drugs are used together to increase the efficacy.

4. Prevent harmful chemicals and protect your health

1. Common harmful or toxic chemicals: organic solvents emitted from paints and adhesives, residual pesticides in vegetables, additives illegally used in food processing, toxic gases in newly decorated homes, smoke and dust permeating public places, Car exhaust, etc.

2. Use pesticides correctly

Pesticides play an important role in __________ and ensuring human health, but most __________ will damage the ecological environment. Pesticide usage rules must be strictly followed and pesticides used correctly.

3． Smoking harms health

There are many harmful chemical components in the smoke produced by tobacco burning, among which the most harmful to the human body are __________, nicotine (nicotine), ____________ and aldehydes. Smoking is harmful to health.

4． Cherish life and stay away from drugs

Our country’s criminal law clearly stipulates: Drugs refer to opium, heroin, methamphetamine, morphine, marijuana, cocaine and other narcotics and psychotropic drugs controlled by the state that can cause human addiction. Drug abuse and drug trafficking are serious violations, and we are firmly opposed to drug abuse and drug trafficking.

Interactive exploration

Exploration point 1: Elements and human health

[Question Research]What is the content of elements in the human body? What symptoms will occur when deficient? What nutrients are necessary for healthy human growth? What do they do? What foods are rich in these nutrients?

[Inductive improvement]There are more than 50 elements in the human body. Elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen mainly exist in the form of water, sugar, fat, protein, and vitamins. Other elements mainly exist in the form of minerals. exist in the form of matter. Elements with a content of more than 0.01% are called macroelements; elements with a content of less than 0.01% are called trace elements. Any essential element in the human body has its corresponding physiological optimal concentration. Once it is lacking, appropriate measures must be taken to replenish it in time, otherwise it will cause many diseases, but a large amount of supplementation will also harm human health. Nutrients required for healthy growth of the human body include: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals (inorganic salts), and water. Carbohydrates are the main energy supply substance for the human body. Foods rich in sugars include cereals, beans, and potatoes. Protein is the basic material that constitutes human cells. Foods rich in protein include meat, fish, milk, and eggs. and beans, etc.; fat is the body’s backup energy source, and fat-rich foods include vegetable oils, animal fats, etc. Vitamins can regulate many metabolisms in the body and keep the body healthy. Foods rich in vitamins include vegetables, fruits, animal liver, beans, etc.

[Application Example]

Example 1 Among the following elements, insufficient intake by the human body may lead to osteoporosis and deformity ()

A． Iron B. Iodine C. CalciumD. zinc

[ Analysis Osteoporosis, calcium deficiency in the elderly can easily lead to fractures; zinc deficiency in children can affect growth and development and cause mental retardation.

[Method Instructions] Any essential element for life in the human body has its corresponding physiological optimal concentration. If for some reason, the content of a certain element in the body does not reach a certain standard, appropriate measures must be taken to replenish it in time, otherwise it will easily lead to many diseases. The key to solving the problem is to understand the relationship between common elements and human health, and to know which elements are caused by the lack of some common typical cases.

On-site testing

Knowledge point 1: Major elements and trace elements

1. Osteoporosis will occur if the elderly lack one of the following elements. The element is ()

A． Calcium b. zinc

C． iron d. iodine

2. Among the following foods, the one most rich in iodine is ()

A． Soybeans, mustard greens

B. Kelp, seaweed

C． Rapeseed, cabbage

D． Meat, eggs

Knowledge point 2 Nutrients in food

3． Which of the following substances is not a nutrient required by the human body ()

A． water b. grease

C． lead d. vitamins

4． The following substances are nutrients in food. Although they cannot provide energy to the human body, they play an important role in regulating human metabolism and preventing diseases: ()

A． protein

B. vitamins

C． carbohydrate

D． grease

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For more information about the "Modern Life and Chemistry, Chemical Substances and Health" PPT courseware, please click the "Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Chemical Substances and Health" PPT tab.

"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware 3:

"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware 3 Learning Objectives 1. Know the composition of the main chemical elements of the human body 2. Understand the important role of calcium, iron, zinc and other elements on human health. 3. Preliminarily understand the role of the development of chemical science in helping humans overcome diseases and nutrition...

"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware 2:

"Chemical Substances and Health" Modern Life and Chemistry PPT Courseware 2 Learning Objectives 1. Understand the important role of calcium, iron, zinc and other elements in human health; 2. Understand that nutrients refer to proteins, sugars, oils, vitamins, inorganic salts and Water and other six types of substances, master eggs...

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Update Time: 2024-10-20

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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