"Chemical Properties of Metals" Metal PPT Courseware 2

"Chemical Properties of Metals" Metal PPT Courseware 2

Please distinguish between true and false

Counterfeit goods in gold jewelry are often confused. Some criminals in society often use brass (copper-zinc alloy) as gold to carry out fraudulent activities. Brass and gold have similar appearances. How can we identify them?

1. Reaction between metal and oxygen

1. Most metals can react with oxygen

Magnesium, aluminum, etc. can react with oxygen at room temperature.

Iron, copper, etc. hardly react with oxygen at room temperature, but can react with oxygen at high temperatures.

Gold, silver, etc. do not react with oxygen at high temperatures

Summary: Most metals can react chemically with oxygen, but the ease and severity of the reaction vary.

Analysis and Discussion

Why do different metals react with oxygen with different ease and intensity?

Different metals have different levels of activity (ie, metal mobility). The more active the metal, the easier it is to react with other substances, and the reaction phenomenon is more violent.

The activity of Mg>Al>Fe>Cu>Au weakens in order

Classification is based on: ease of reaction with oxygen

2. Reaction of metals with dilute hydrochloric acid (or dilute sulfuric acid)

What drugs can be used to produce hydrogen in the laboratory?

Chemical equation for the reaction?

Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4 + H2↑

question:

(1) Can all metals react with dilute acid (dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid) to release hydrogen?

(2) Is there any difference in the severity of the reaction?

discuss:

(1) Can _______ react with hydrochloric acid (or dilute sulfuric acid)? ____ gas is produced after the reaction? _____ cannot react with hydrochloric acid (or dilute sulfuric acid)?

(2) The reaction intensity of aluminum, iron, copper and dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid is different. ____ reacted most violently, followed by _____, then _____

The activity of Al>Fe>Cu gradually weakens

The basis for classification is: the severity of the reaction with acid

3. Reaction of metals with solutions of certain metal compounds

Aluminum and CuSO4 solution

There is a red substance attached to the aluminum wire, and the solution gradually changes from blue to colorless.

2Al+3CuSO4 = 3Cu+Al2(SO4)3

Iron and CuSO4 solution

There is a red substance attached to the wire, and the solution gradually changes from blue to light green.

Fe+CuSO4 = Cu+FeSO4

The activity of Al>Cu Fe>Cu gradually weakens

The basis for classification is: displacing other metals from their compound solutions

Small scale chopper

1. Tin (Sn) is one of the hardware. Its metal activity is between iron and copper. The following reaction will not occur ( )

A.Zn+Sn(NO3)2=Zn(NO3)2+Sn

B.Sn+2HCl=SnCl2+H2↑

C.Sn+2AgNO3=Sn(NO3)2+2Ag

D.Sn+MgSO4=SnSO4+Mg

2. There are three metals: X, Y, and Z. If X and Y are put into dilute sulfuric acid respectively, There is silver precipitation on the Y surface, but there is no change on the Z surface. Based on the above facts, the order of activity of these three metals from strong to weak is ( )

A.X>Z>Y B.Y>X>Z

C.X>Y>Z D.Z>Y>X

3. Which of the following facts can be used to determine the order of activity of metals X and Y ( )

(1) X can react with dilute hydrochloric acid but Y cannot

(2) X can displace Y from the salt solution of Y

(3) X can react with oxygen at room temperature but Y cannot

(4) In the compound, X has a valence of +3 and Y has a valence of +2.

A.(1)(2) B.(1)(2)(3)

C.(3)(4) D.(1)(2)(4)

4. Basic types of chemical reactions

Zn+ H2SO4 = ZnSO4+ H2↑

Fe+ H2SO4 = FeSO4+ H2↑

2Al+3CuSO4 =Al2(SO4)3+3Cu

Fe+ CuSO4 = FeSO4+ Cu

Element + compound = another compound + another element

Displacement reaction: A reaction between one element and one compound to produce another element and another compound.

Thinking: What types of reactions do you know? Please write an example of each?

Combination reaction: A + B → AB (multiple changes to one)

Decomposition reaction: AB→A + B (one becomes many)

Displacement reaction:

A reaction in which one element reacts with a compound to produce another element and compound

Element + compound = another element + another compound

Displacement reaction: A + BC → AC + B

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