"Changes and Distribution of Precipitation" Weather and Climate PPT Courseware 3

"Changes and Distribution of Precipitation" Weather and Climate PPT Courseware 3

think about it

1. What are the forms of precipitation?

2. Are fog, frost and dew considered precipitation?

Precipitation: ______, ______, ______, etc. falling in the atmosphere are collectively called precipitation.

______ is the main form of precipitation.

rainfall level

In meteorology, precipitation intensity is usually divided by the amount of precipitation per unit time. The most commonly used method of classifying rainfall is to divide rainfall levels according to the amount of precipitation.

Determine precipitation intensity

Light rain: The falling raindrops are clearly discernible; the ground is completely wet, but there is no accumulation of water or the accumulation of water is very slow.

Moderate rain: The raindrops fall continuously in a line, the raindrops splash in all directions, and the sound of rain can be heard; water on the ground forms quickly.

Heavy rain: The raindrops fall in blurred sheets, splashing high, and the sound of rain is fierce; water on the ground forms quickly.

Heavy rain: The rain is pouring down, and the sound of the rain is fierce. When you open the window to speak, your voice is disturbed by the sound of rain and cannot be heard clearly. The water accumulates very quickly, and the sewers often have no time to drain, and overflows often occur.

Monthly precipitation, annual precipitation, multi-year average precipitation

The monthly precipitation is calculated by adding the daily precipitation in a month.

Annual precipitation is obtained by adding the monthly precipitation within a year.

The annual precipitation usually refers to the average precipitation over many years.

Precipitation and us (discussion time)

Discuss

What is the relationship between the form and amount of precipitation and people's production and life? Can human activities affect precipitation? Please give an example.

Precipitation affects human agriculture, industry, commerce, transportation, as well as clothing, food, housing, transportation, tourism and other activities.

The following precipitation conditions may have an impact on human production and life:

It rained continuously for a month.

Water accumulated in the fields, crops stopped growing, and agricultural production decreased; stored clothes became damp, and rivers swelled, making it inconvenient for people to travel.

It didn't rain for nearly two months.

The ground is cracked, crops are withering, and the water levels of rivers and lakes are declining or even drying up, causing drought in agriculture. The air is dry, which is harmful to human health. Industrial production is restricted, and people's electricity consumption is tight.

It snowed heavily in a certain city.

The snow on the road is very deep, which affects the movement of vehicles and easily blocks traffic. People on foot have difficulty walking. Electric wires are easy to break. Pipes freeze and crack, which can easily lead to power outages and water outages.

Interpretation of precipitation histograms ("Summary of methods")

1. Look at the "total amount" and say "how much"

That is, the total annual precipitation is observed and estimated, and the annual precipitation of the place is qualitatively described as "more", "more", "less" or "less".

2. Look at the "difference" and say "change"

Look at "extreme value" and look at "month"

That is, look at the maximum and minimum precipitation, and the month in which it occurs.

Calculate "difference" and say "change"

That is, the difference between the maximum and minimum precipitation values ​​is calculated to describe the seasonal variation of precipitation in the area.

The world is dry:

A small mountain village called Cherrapunji in Assam State in northeastern India broke a world rainfall record: its annual precipitation reached 20,447 millimeters, and it won the title of "World's Rainiest Pole".

The most rainy place in the world:

The Chilean Atacama Desert, located on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean, is the area with the least precipitation in the world. The average annual precipitation is less than 0.1 mm. It did not rain for 91 years from 1845 to 1936. It is called the "World's Driest Pole" .

General rules of annual precipitation distribution in the world

latitude factor

There is more precipitation near the equator; less precipitation in the polar regions;

From the equator to the poles, the general trend is that annual precipitation gradually decreases;

sea ​​and land factors

Near the Tropics of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer, there is more precipitation on the east coast of the continent and less precipitation on the west coast of the continent;

In mid-latitudes, there is less precipitation in the interior of the continent and more precipitation in coastal areas.

terrain factors

There is more precipitation on the windward slope and less precipitation on the leeward slope.

practice

1. Forms of precipitation: ______, ______, ______, etc. falling from the atmosphere are collectively called precipitation, and their main form is ______.

2. Rainfall is divided based on: the amount of ______ per unit time

Level classification: light rain, ______, heavy rain, ______, etc.

Basic instruments: ______.

unit:______.

4.Precipitation has an important impact on human ____________.

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