"Changes in Social Life" Economic and Social Life PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Changes in Social Life" Economic and Social Life PPT Courseware 2

Curriculum Standards

Understand the changes in transportation, communication, cultural life, and social customs since the Republic of China.

knowledge and abilities

Understand the major changes in social life and customs in China at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, and know that the changes in China's politics, economy, and education at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century led to great changes in people's social life. Understanding the emergence of new landscapes of social life is an important part of the difficult start of China's modernization.

Emotional attitudes and values

Understanding the economic development and political changes in modern China has prompted China's social and cultural life to begin to modernize. Cultivate historical thinking ability and a correct outlook on historical development and progress.

1. The emergence of modern transportation and communications in China

In the early 19th century, ships and trains were invented in the West. Since then, people have used these two modern means of transportation to speed up their travels. In the late 19th century, trains and ships were introduced to China, which greatly promoted the circulation of goods from various places.

In mid-August of the sixth year of Guangxu's reign (1880), when Beiyang Trade Minister Li Hongzhang approved the establishment of the Tianjin-Shanghai telegraph line, the government-run Tianjin-Shanghai Telegraph General Administration was established in Tianjin and Sheng Xuanhuai was appointed as the general office. Before the completion of the Tianjin-Shanghai line in November of the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), it was officially named the China Telegraph General Administration. After the Tianjin-Shanghai Electric Wire was notified, it operated for four months and was changed to a government-supervised commercial operation. It raised funds by raising shares, and paid back the government-run principal bank (more than 178,700 taels of Xiangping Bank) every year, and allowed it to withdraw the capital on its own. To replenish funds. Sheng Xuanhuai, Zheng Guanying, Jing Yuanshan, Xie Jiafu, Wang Ronghe and others collected 80,000 taels of Xiangping silver as their founding capital. In December of the following year, Li Hongzhang reported the establishment of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Fujian-Guangdong electric wire. In June of the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), Zuo Zongtang, the governor of Liangjiang and Jiangsu Province, reported the establishment of the Yangtze River electric wire from Jiangning to Hankou, both of which were approved by the China Telegraph General Administration.

2. Changes in cultural life

Photography: It was invented in the 1830s and introduced to China after the 1940s. my country's first commercial photo studio appeared in Shanghai.

Movie: Born in Paris in 1895, introduced to China in 1896. In the 1930s, silent films developed into talkies and gradually integrated into people's lives.

When was photography technology introduced to China?

After the daguerreotype was invented in France in 1837, it was introduced to China from the West within a few years. The earliest camera was brought to China in 1846 by Jules Ittier, a Frenchman who worked for the Chinese Customs. Zhou Shouchang of the Qing Dynasty's "Siyitang Daily Notes" records: In the Bingwu year of Daoguang, he lived in Guangzhou and saw a description of the shadow finder. Therefore, some people infer that the Daoguang Bingwu Year was 1846 AD, the fourth year after the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing was signed. At that time, the number of foreigners traveling to China was increasing day by day. "The camera Zhou Shouchang saw was brought in by Westerners who entered Guangzhou." Therefore, cameras had been introduced to China by 1846 at the latest.

The Rise of the Commercial Press

Founded: 1897

Founder: Xia Ruifang

Business changes: printing--publishing

Status: The oldest and most influential publishing organization in my country's modern printing and publishing industry.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Commercial Press moved to Beijing. Now it mainly compiles and publishes academic works on foreign philosophy and social sciences, compiles and publishes Chinese and foreign language reference books, research works, textbooks, popular reading materials, etc., and publishes journals such as "Chinese Language", "Dialects", "English World", etc., and is very popular among readers. Have good influence and reputation. Representative publications include "Cymology", "Modern Chinese Dictionary", "Xinhua Dictionary", "New Era Chinese-English Dictionary", "Oxford Advanced English-Chinese Dictionary", "Gu Xun Hui Compilation", "Si Ku Quanshu" (photocopied Wenjin Pavilion Edition), "Chinese Translation of World Academic Masterpieces Series", "Biographies of World Celebrities", etc.

training camp

1. In people's daily interactions, replacing the old kneeling ceremony with civilized and simple bowing is ( )

A. After the Westernization Movement

B． After the Reform Movement of 1898

C. After the Revolution of 1911

D． After the May 4th Movement

2. The following are not among the drastic changes in social customs during the Republic of China government period ( )

A. Force men to cut off their braids

B． Mao suit became the most distinctive clothing at that time

C. Abolition of the imperial examination system

D． Get rid of titles such as "Sir" and "Master" in the former Qing Dynasty officialdom

3. Which of the following statements about the changes in social life in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China is incorrect ( )

A. Photography technology was introduced into my country after the 1840s

B． In 1905, the Chinese themselves shot the first film "Dingjun Mountain"

C. The titles "Sir" and "Master" were abolished in the officialdom, and the common titles among the people were "Mr." and "Jun"

D． People wearing suits are everywhere in urban and rural areas

4. The following behaviors violate the provisions of the Republic of China: ( )

A. foot binding

B． The two met, shook hands and said hello

C. When the two meet, they call each other "Jun"

D． Man cuts off long braids

6． Question exploration

Please answer:

(1) Summarize the changes in social phenomena reflected in the materials?

(2) What are the main reasons for this change?

(3) Why did the Provisional Government of the Republic of China promulgate a decree to abolish the titles of "Sir", "Master" and other former officials in the Qing Dynasty?

Reference answer:

(1) At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, great changes took place in China’s social life.

(2) The Revolution of 1911 transformed the feudal customs of Chinese society; the introduction of the achievements of Western civilization.

(3) Because the titles of "adult" and "master" in the officialdom of the Qing Dynasty were a reflection of the feudal hierarchy, which was contrary to the bourgeoisie's desire to pursue equality.

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Update Time: 2024-10-21

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Edition Eighth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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