"Causes of Biological Evolution" Biological Evolution PPT Courseware 3

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"Causes of Biological Evolution" Biological Evolution PPT Courseware 3

Collaborative preview, teacher-student interaction

1. In the Manchester area of ​​England in 1850, most birch inchworms (huò) were light-colored, and only a few were dark; but 100 years later, in 1950, the dark-colored birch inchworms here became huò. has become a common type, while the light-colored birch looper has become a minority. Can you explain why? What do you think should be done if one were to restore the pale-colored birch looper to a common form in the area?

2. What is protective coloration, and what significance does protective coloration have for the survival of animals?

Theory of Natural Selection---Darwin

Main content: Those who adapt survive, and those who do not adapt are eliminated.

Organisms continue to evolve through inheritance, mutation, and natural selection

3. Knowledge internalization (formation of knowledge structure)

Intrinsic causes: heritable variation

Causes of birth External causes: changes in the environment

Over-reproduction of animals---conditions that create a struggle for survival

The struggle for survival---the driving force for biological evolution

Chemistry, natural selection, genetic variation---the basis of biological evolution

The survival of the fittest---the result of biological evolution

Original factor---human beings

The result of artificial selection---meeting human needs

Evolution speed---faster

4. In-person testing:

1. The body color of the ptarmigan is white in winter, but it is brown in summer. This phenomenon occurs ().

A. Organisms have protective colors B. Thunderbirds change their body color at will

C． Because winter is colder and summer is hotter D. The sun is stronger in summer

2. (09 Liaoning High School Entrance Examination) Locusts living on green grass are mostly green in color; while locusts living on land with sparse vegetation are mostly brown in color. The explanation for this phenomenon is ( ).

A. The result of survival of the fittest B. The result of over-breeding C. The result of artificial selection D. The result of locusts being able to fly

3. (09 Ningxia High School Entrance Examination) When a certain area was originally a forest, gray ruler moths accounted for about 99% of the total number, and black ruler moths accounted for only 1%; after an industrial zone was built, the statistical results were that black ruler moths accounted for 99%, and gray ruler moths accounted for only 1%. 1%. The reason for this change is ( ).

A. Industrial black smoke turns the gray ruler moth black B. Gray ruler moths move out, black ruler moths move in

C. The result of undirectional mutation D. Selection of two species of ruler moths by the external environment

4． What causes the struggle for survival is ( )

A. Living things crowd out or kill each other B. Individuals with favorable mutations compete with individuals with unfavorable mutations

C. Food and space for living things to survive are limited D. Organisms cannot adapt to changes in the external environment

5. The internal factors of biological evolution are ( )

A. Struggle for survival b. Artificial selection C. natural selection d. Heredity and variation

6. Goldfish evolved from crucian carp. The reason is ( )

A. Overbreeding b. Artificial selection C. natural selection d. struggle for survival

7. (09 Tai'an High School Entrance Exam Simulation) Penicillin is a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic. Over the past few decades, due to repeated use, some bacteria have become increasingly resistant to penicillin. The root cause may be ( )

A. After the bacteria are exposed to the drug, they slowly develop resistance B. Bacteria develop drug resistance in order to adapt to the environment

C. The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is the result of natural selection D. The quality of penicillin has declined and its bactericidal ability is low

(2) Non-choice questions

1. Due to overproduction, any living thing must ______ to obtain enough food and space if it is to survive.

2. In nature, biological individuals all have the characteristics of inheritance and mutation. Only those individuals with ______ can easily survive the struggle for survival and pass these mutations to the next generation, while individuals with ______ are easily ______.

3. Creatures in nature, through fierce struggle for survival, those who adapt survive and those who do not adapt are eliminated. This is ______.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Evolution of Organisms and Reasons for Evolution of Organisms", please click the Evolution of Organisms ppt Reasons for Evolution of Organisms ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-10-19

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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