"Cao GUI Debate" PPT

"Cao GUI Debate" PPT

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. Understand the background of "Zuo Zhuan" and the Battle of Changshao between Qi and Lu, and understand the reason why the weak defeated the strong in Lu.

2. Grasp the characteristics of appropriate and detailed organization of the materials in this article.

3. Analyze the two characters of Cao GUI and Lu Zhuanggong, and appreciate the artistic charm of the work.

New course introduction

The Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period:

Duke Huan of Qi - the fifteenth king of the Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. His surname was Jiang and his given name was Xiaobai.

Duke Wen of Jin - the son of Duke Xian of Jin, his surname was Ji and his given name was Chong'er.

King of Chuzhuang - surnamed Mi, surname Xiong, famous traveler (one name is Lu, Lv).

Duke Xiang of the Song Dynasty - the second son of Duke Huan of the Song Dynasty, his real name was Zi Zifu.

Duke Mu of Qin - surnamed Ying, given name Renhao, posthumous name Mu.

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part 2: Related Introduction

"Zuo Zhuan": also known as "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan" or "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu", it is said to be a history book written by Zuo Qiuming of the Lu State in the late Spring and Autumn Period as an annotation for "Chun Qiu". It is also China's first detailed chronology. History books.

[Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period]

"The Legend of Gongyang" Author: Gongyang Gao

"The Legend of Gu Liang" Gu Liangchi

"Zuo Zhuan" Zuo Qiuming

Among them, the most accomplished one is "Zuo Zhuan"

[Historical prose] is also called historical biography. It has three types: country, chronology, and biography.

National style: The historical events of various countries are arranged and recorded individually and independently to complete the narration of a certain historical process. National style history books include "Guoyu" and "Warring States Policy". "Guoyu" mainly records words and also records events; "Warring States Policy" mainly records events.

Chronological style: that is, using time as the warp and events as the latitude to narrate historical facts. Its advantages are clear clues, clear background, and good systematicity; its disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to describe characters intensively and extensively. "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Zhuan" and "Zizhi Tongjian" are all chronological.

Biographical style: narrating history with characters as the center, which was originally created by Sima Qian. The "Twenty-Four Histories" compiled by the ancient officials were all written in biographical style. This approach had a great influence on later generations.

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part Three: Background Introduction

Duke Xianggang of Qi had done some bad things in the country, and his younger brothers, Prince Xiaobai and Prince Jiu, were afraid that they would be implicated, so they left Qi to avoid trouble. In 685 BC, civil strife broke out in Qi State and the king was killed. Prince Jiu and Prince Xiaobai both rushed back to Qi State first and wanted to be the king. Duke Zhuang of Lu sent troops to escort the young master back. Unexpectedly, the young master Xiaobai rushed back to Qi State first and became the king of Qi State, that is, Duke Huan of Qi.

Duke Huan of Qi raised troops to attack Lu. At that time, Qi was strong and Lu was weak, and the Lu army was defeated. Duke Huan of Qi forced Duke Zhuang of Lu to kill Prince Jiu. From then on, the two countries developed a deep hatred. In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, Qi again raised troops to attack Lu and fought at Changshao.

word accumulation

GUI JianSi Fu

Zhe Shi Mi

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part 4: Overall Perception

Read the text aloud, read the rhythm correctly, and read out the feelings.

In the spring of ten years, all the troops attacked me. The general fights. Please see Cao GUI. His countrymen said: "Meat-eaters plan for it, so what's the point?" GUI said: "Meat-eaters are despicable and cannot plan far." So he came to see him. Asked: "Why fight?" The Duke said: "The food and clothing are safe. If you don't dare to specialize, you must divide the people." He said to him: "If you don't receive small benefits, the people will not obey."

The duke said: "If you sacrifice jade and silk, you don't dare to add it. You must have faith." He said to him: "If your faith is not perfect, the gods will be blessed." The duke said: "The prison of a small and big one, although it cannot be observed, must be based on emotion." He said: "I am a loyal person. You can fight. If you fight, please obey."

Take advantage of it. Fighting with a ladle. The general will encourage him. GUI said: "It's not possible." Qi people drummed three times. GUI said: "That's all right." The Qi army was defeated. The general will gallop to him. GUI said: "It's not possible." Looking down at the path, he climbed up to Shi and looked at it, saying: "It's possible." Then he chased Qi Shi.

After defeating him, the public asked why. He said: "Fighting requires courage. One burst of energy will be exhausted again, and three times it will be exhausted. I will be exhausted when I am full, so I can overcome it. It is difficult to predict a big country, and I am afraid of its dangers. I regard its path as chaotic, and hope that its flag will fall." , so drive him away."

Read the text again and translate it with the annotations.

Translation: In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the army of Qi State attacked our State of Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu is about to fight. Cao GUI asked to see Duke Zhuang of Lu. His fellow countrymen said: "The people in power will plan this matter, so why do you need to participate?" Cao GUI said: "The people in power are short-sighted and cannot be far-sighted." So he went to the court to see Duke Zhuang of Lu.

Cao GUI asked: "What do you rely on to fight?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "I never dare to enjoy food, clothing, and health-promoting things by myself. I must share them with others." Cao GUI replied: "This kind of small favor Those who will benefit are only the ministers around you, not the people, they will not obey you."

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part Five: Key Points Accumulation

1. Tongjiazi

Xiaohui Wei is the same as "Bi".

2. Multiple meanings of a word

The public asked why, why.

Therefore

The people in his hometown said that he was on his behalf, which here refers to Cao GUI.

I regard it as chaos and refer to the Qi army

Cao GUI please see me and request

War rules please follow please allow

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part Six: Careful Reading and Insights

On the basis of clarifying the meaning of the text, summarize the main idea of ​​the paragraph.

The first paragraph: Cao GUI asked about the war, explaining through dialogue that winning the trust of the people politically is a prerequisite for war.

The second paragraph: Cao GUI participated in the battle and described the battle of Changshao in Qilu.

The third paragraph: Cao GUI discusses the battle. After the war, Cao GUI discusses the reasons for winning the battle.

What was the debate between Cao GUI and Duke Zhuang of Lu before the war? What is the theme?

Theme: "Why fight"

Zhuang Gong proposed three conditions: close ministers, gods and people. Cao GUI denied the first two and affirmed the third, embodying the idea of ​​"gaining the trust of the people", which was a political "long-term plan".

Based on the first paragraph of the text, talk about what kind of people Zhuang Gong and Cao GUI are.

Duke Zhuang of Lu: short-sighted and courageous to accept advice

Cao GUI: Love the country, be far-sighted, and value the power of the people

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part Seven: Research on Writing Methods

(1) The article organizes the material around "debate", with appropriate details and highlighted key points. Although the war is written, the process of the war is written very briefly. It closely follows the character Cao GUI and uses dialogue to write about the political preparations before the war and the reasons for the victory over Qi. The focus is highlighted, the center is clear, and the details are appropriate.

(2) Use contrasting techniques to compare Lu Zhuanggong's "contempt" with Cao GUI's "far-sightedness", highlighting Cao GUI's political foresight and military excellence.

Cao GUI’s Debate PPT, Part 8: Class Summary

This article uses the Battle of Changshao in Qilu as the background to discuss the principle that victory must be won by winning the trust of the people and using correct strategies and tactics to seize opportunities. It vividly depicts the characteristics of Cao GUI as an outstanding military strategist who is far-sighted. The language is concise and the plot is well detailed. , is a famous chapter in "Zuo Zhuan".

Practice in class

1. Recite the text.

2. Talk about other battles in history in which the weak defeated the strong that you know of, and explain why.

Keywords: Free download of the Chinese PPT courseware for the second volume of the ninth grade of the E-education edition, download of the Cao GUI debate PPT, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "The Debate on Cao GUI", please click on the PPT tab of "The Debate on Cao GUI".

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