"British Bourgeois Revolution" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 6

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"British Bourgeois Revolution" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 6

Knowledge introduction

Learn in this lesson:

British bourgeois revolution

This revolution not only overthrew feudal autocracy and established the capitalist system in Britain, but also opened up a new era of bourgeois revolution and promoted the process of world history.

Students are required to understand the British bourgeois revolution from three aspects: causes, processes, and historical significance.

New course study questions:

1. Ask students to read the text on page 67 of Lesson 11 and think: "Why did the British bourgeois revolution break out?"

2. Briefly summarize the process of the British bourgeois revolution

(Find out the fuse of the revolution, the signs of its beginning, the leaders of the parties in the civil war, the class base, the areas of control, key battles, etc.)

3. Tell us what you think of Cromwell. (If Britain did not have him at that time, what would be the outcome of the British bourgeois revolution?)

1. Background: Britain under the “Divine Right of Kings”

1. The rapid development of British capitalism

Reasons: (1) Favorable geographical location to expand foreign trade;

(2) Intensify colonial plunder.

Performance: (1) The development of handicraft industries such as the cloth making industry;

(2) Capitalist farms and ranches.

Impact: The emerging bourgeoisie and new aristocracy continue to grow. (Leadership)

2. The British king implemented feudal autocratic rule:

In the 17th century, the British king tried his best to promote feudal autocracy and advocated the "divine right of kings", which seriously hindered the development of British capitalism.

What was the fundamental reason for the outbreak of the British bourgeois revolution?

The fundamental reason: Feudal autocratic rule seriously hindered the further development of British capitalism and intensified class contradictions.

Mission: Overthrow the feudal autocratic rule and develop capitalism.

2. The process of the British bourgeois revolution

The direct cause of the revolution (trigger): the Scottish people's uprising

1. Sign of the beginning: In 1640, Charles I convened a new parliament. The bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy launched a parliamentary struggle with the king, demanding restrictions on the king's rights.

2. Charles I suppressed the parliamentarians and provoked a civil war. Cromwell led the parliamentary army to defeat the royal army. (Battle of Nasibi)

3. In 1649, Charles I was guillotined and the Republic was established.

4. Cromwell became the "Lord Protector" and implemented dictatorship.

5. Restoration of the feudal dynasty (Charles II).

6. Sign of the end of the revolution: The palace coup in 1688 overthrew the autocratic rule of the Restoration Dynasty and established a new king. The rule of the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy was established. (Also known as the "Glorious Revolution")

What characteristics can be seen from the above steps 5 and 6 of the British bourgeois revolution?

One of the characteristics: twists and turns and repetition

Reason: Replacing the old social system with a new social system requires a long and fierce struggle.

The second characteristic of the British bourgeois revolution: incompleteness

Reason: weakness and compromise of the British bourgeoisie.

3. Towards Victory: The Enactment of the Bill of Rights

Reading and thinking: What is the purpose, time, content and significance of the British Bill of Rights? What is the historical significance of the British bourgeois revolution? What was the political system of China at that time?

1. Time and institution: 1689 British Parliament

2. Purpose: To limit the royal power in legal form

3. Content: second paragraph on page 69

4. Significance: The king's rights were clearly restricted in the form of law, and the bourgeois rule of the constitutional monarchy began to be established.

constitutional monarchy

Also known as "constitutional monarchy", it is a form of political organization in capitalist society. It refers to a monarchy in a capitalist country where the monarch's power is restricted and restricted by the constitution. It is the product of compromise between the bourgeoisie and feudal forces. The difference from feudal monarchy is that the latter is an autocratic dictatorship, while constitutional monarchy is a form of bourgeois democracy. In this political system, the monarch is the nominal hereditary head of state, occupying a position of unification without rule, and the center of national power is the parliament.

IV: The significance of the British bourgeois revolution

What impact did the Revolution have on Britain?

It overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy, established the dominance of the bourgeoisie, and cleared the way for the development of capitalism.

What impact did the revolution have on Europe and the world at large?

Promoted the process of world history. (Creating a new era of bourgeois revolution).

Summarize the feudal dynasty’s autocratic period before and after the British bourgeois revolution (Charlie I)

----Republic Period (Cromwell)

----Feudal Restoration Period (Charlie II)

----Constitutional monarchy period

exercise

1. The British bourgeois revolution in the 17th century was a watershed in the development of British history, mainly because it ( )

A. Established a constitutional monarchy B. Executed the feudal monarch C. Changed the nature of society D. Created a parliamentary democracy

2. Which of the following major events that occurred in the British bourgeois revolution is correct in chronological order ( )

(1) Charles I provoked a civil war (2) Cromwell became Lord Protector (3) Scottish people's uprising (4) Execution of Charles I (5) Palace coup (6) Restoration of Charles II

A.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) B.(3)(1)(4)(2)(6)(5)

C.(3)(4)(1)(2)(5)(6) D.(3)(1)(2)(4)(6)(5)

3. The repetitions and twists and turns in the process of the British bourgeois revolution illustrate ( )

A. The historical conditions for revolution are immature

B. The bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy compromised with the feudal dynasty

C. The people did not actively participate in the struggle

D. Replacing the old social system with a new social system requires a long and fierce struggle.

4. Which of the following events occurred during the Republic period ( )

A. Execution of Charles I

B.Battle of Nasibi

C Cromwell becomes Lord Protector

D. The establishment of a constitutional monarchy

8. Material: "Laws are made by Parliament. Once a law is made, the king cannot suspend it."

(1) What document does the material come from? When and when was the document published?

Bill of Rights 1689 British Parliament

(2) What is the purpose of promulgating this document? Which two classes of interests do it reflect?

Limiting the power of the king The bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy

(3) What is the historical significance of the publication of this document?

The bourgeois rule of a constitutional monarchy was established.

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