"Body Defense" PPT courseware

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"Body Defense" PPT courseware

Part One: The human body’s methods of resisting microorganisms:

One is to prevent pathogens from invading the body

The second is to resist pathogens that have invaded the body

anti-infectious immunity

The body's resistance to infectious diseases is called anti-infectious immunity

Classification of anti-infectious immunity

non-specific immunity

specific immunity

non-specific immunity

1. Features:

Develop immunity against a variety of pathogens or foreign bodies;

2. Example: human skin barrier function;

Bactericidal action on phagocytes and body fluids;

The inhibitory effect of interferon on viruses

The body's defense PPT, part 2: Characteristics of antibodies:

1. Antibodies are caused by antigens;

2. Antibodies are a type of protein, also called immunoglobulins;

3. Antibodies can agglutinate pathogenic bacteria and neutralize the toxins produced by pathogens;

4. Antibodies exist in body fluids

Body defense PPT, part three: immunity

Humoral immunity

Antigen: any external substance that can produce an immune response with lymphocytes after entering the human body

Antibodies: Substances produced by B lymphocytes against antigens.

Immunity accomplished by antibodies is called humoral immunity.

B memory cells are very sensitive to antigens and can "remember" the invading antigens. The memory of the antigen can last for months or even a lifetime.

cellular immunity

T lymphocyte function: Mainly to defend against pathogens (such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc.) that invade human cells. It can play a direct or indirect role (releasing lymphokines) to destroy and remove foreign matter.

Immunity accomplished by T lymphocytes is called cellular immunity

Body Defense PPT, Part 4: Classroom Exercises

1. Among the following functions of the skin, the one that belongs to the immune function is ( )

A. Prevent bacterial invasion B. Prevent water evaporation

C. Feel external stimulation D. Regulate body temperature

2. What can engulf and destroy pathogens in the human body ( )

A. Respiratory mucosa B. Lymphocytes

C. Antibodies and antigens D. Phagocytic cells

3. Among the following phenomena, which one belongs to specific immunity ( )

A. The bactericidal effect of saliva B. Vaccination with DPT vaccine

C. White blood cells phagocytose germs D. Barrier function of skin

4. Main immune cells ( )

A. Phagocytes B. Glandular cells

C. Epithelial cells D. Lymphocytes

1. Why do you become immune to an infectious disease after suffering from it?

Lymphocytes have an immune memory function. When the same antigen invades the human body again, it will rapidly proliferate and differentiate, produce antibodies, and destroy the antigen.

2. If antigens are artificially injected into the human body, the human body will acquire this immunity.

3. If the artificially injected antigenic substance is too toxic, or there are too many live antigenic substances, it will directly cause infection and death. Therefore, the pathogen must be killed or the toxicity of the live pathogen must be reduced. This is a vaccine.

4. Vaccines are antigens.

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"Body Defense" PPT:

"The Defense of the Body" PPT Part One Content: New Lesson Introduction Although our bodies are often threatened by microorganisms in the environment, we do not necessarily suffer from infectious diseases. Why is this? (1) Skin acts as a barrier to prevent pathogens from entering the human body, (2) Skin,...

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to science courseware Zhejiang Education Edition Ninth Grade Science Volume 2 industry PPT template

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