"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transportation of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 4

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"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transportation of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 4

discovery of blood types

After Harvey discovered blood circulation in the 17th century, humans began to try blood transfusions. In 1667, the French philosopher Denis and the surgeon Emmerez transfused 250 ml of sheep blood to a patient. This was the first blood transfusion recorded in human history. Of course, the result was unsuccessful and the patient died. .

In 1829, British doctor Brundle completed the first human-to-human blood transfusion experiment. However, the results of subsequent trials were still disappointing. Most patients died and only a few recovered. What was the reason?

As shown in the picture below, put fresh blood into four test tubes A, B, C, and D respectively. Anticoagulant is added to test tubes A and B, and no substance is added to test tubes C and D. After leaving it for 24 hours, the The correct illustration is ( )

[Analysis] After adding anticoagulant, the blood in test tubes A and B should not coagulate, but should be divided into two layers: the upper layer is plasma and the lower layer is blood cells. It can be seen that A is incorrect; in the test tube without anticoagulant, , the blood will coagulate and form a blood clot. The fluid around the blood clot is serum, which shows that pictures C and D are also wrong. So the correct answer is B.

serum

Serum refers to the light yellow transparent liquid separated from the plasma by removing fibrin after blood coagulation or refers to the plasma from which fibrin has been removed.

Its main function is to provide basic nutrients, provide hormones and various growth factors, provide binding proteins, provide contact-promoting and stretching factors to protect cells from mechanical damage, and play some protective effects on cells in culture.

Principles of blood transfusion

1. Homogeneous blood transfusion is a prerequisite

2. Vigorously carry out component blood transfusions to achieve purposeful use of blood.

3. Only a small amount of abnormal blood can be transfused

Apply what you learn

When transfusing blood, the principle should be to use __________ blood. When there is no blood of the same type and the situation is urgent, people with any blood type can be transfused with a small amount of ________ blood. People with AB blood type can be transfused with a small amount of _____ or _____ blood in addition to type O blood.

Please analyze what blood components should be transfused for the following patients?

(1) Patients with extensive burns;

(2) Patients with non-iron deficiency anemia;

(3) Those with unstoppable bleeding.

Tip: Burn patients mainly suffer from reduced plasma volume and anemia may be due to insufficient red blood cells. Platelets can promote coagulation and accelerate hemostasis.

Answer: should enter

1) A large amount of plasma; 2) Red blood cells; 3) Platelets.

Free blood donation is of great significance

1. Ensure medical and clinical blood needs and safety

2. Ensure the health of blood donors and blood users

3. Improve blood quality

4. Carry forward the humanitarian spirit

Solid foundation

1. In the ABO blood group system, human blood types are divided into ___, ___, ___ and ___.

2. When a person is life-threatening due to massive bleeding, he must be rescued through blood transfusion. The principle of transfusion should be ______. People with any blood type can be transfused with a small amount of ___ blood; people with AB blood type, in addition to type O blood, can also be transfused with a small amount of __ type___ blood.

3. The blood volume of an adult is roughly equivalent to _____ of one's body weight.

4． Medical research shows that for a healthy adult, if the blood loss does not exceed ___mL at a time, the lost plasma components and blood cells can be replenished in a short period of time.

5. Since 1998, my country has implemented a voluntary blood donation system and encourages healthy citizens aged _______ to donate blood voluntarily.

power enhanced

1. A person with type B blood needs a blood transfusion and can receive a small amount of type ____ blood; but if the patient loses too much blood, in principle the blood transfused should be ____.

2. The three members of Xiao Ming’s family have different blood types. His father can give blood to Xiao Ming and his mother, and Xiao Ming can also give blood to his mother, but his mother can neither give blood to his father nor to Xiao Ming. The blood types of his father, mother, and Xiao Ming may be ( )

A. Dad’s type O, mom’s type AB, Xiao Ming’s type B

B. Dad’s type O, mom’s type A, Xiao Ming’s type B

C. My father is type AB, my mother is type O, and Xiao Ming is type B.

D. Dad’s type AB, mom’s type O, Xiao Ming’s type A

3. An adult weighing 80 kilograms has a total blood volume of ( )

A. 5~7.8 liters B. 4.5~5.4 liters

C. 1~1.2 liters D. 5.6~6.4 liters

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"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transportation of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 5:

"Blood Transfusion and Blood Types" Transport of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 5 Learning Objectives: 1. Discovery of blood types; 2. General principles of blood transfusion; 3. Feasibility and importance of blood donation. People are injured and bleeding heavily in natural disasters. What would you do as an emergency doctor?

"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transportation of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 3:

"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transport of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 3 Preview Thoughts 1. Do you know who discovered the blood type and when? 2. After we complete the blood test in the hospital, the doctor will tell us our blood type. Do you know your blood type? 3. Common ABO..

"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transportation of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 2:

"Blood Transfusion and Blood Type" Transport of Substances in the Human Body PPT Courseware 2 Learning Objectives 1. Know the blood volume of the human body and have a preliminary understanding of blood transfusion. 2. Master the ABO blood type. 3. Outline the principles of safe blood transfusion and the significance of voluntary blood donation. 4. Be able to combine blood transfusion examples in life and recognize...

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Press seventh grade biology book volume 2 industry PPT template

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