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"Battle of Maling" PPT courseware
In 341 BC, the state of Wei sent Pang Juan to join forces with the state of Zhao to attack South Korea. South Korea asked Qi for help. Qi State, with Tian Ji and Tian Ying as generals and Sun Bin as military advisor, led the army to besiege the capital of Wei State through Qufu and Kangfu (now Jining, Shandong). After Pang Juan heard the news, he hurriedly abandoned Han and returned. The State of Wei deeply hated the State of Qi for repeatedly interfering in the affairs of the State of Wei, so it sent troops to attack the Qi Army. Pang Juan was still appointed as the general, and Prince Shen was the general. They participated in the command with the army and vowed to fight the Qi Army to the death.
Read the text freely and learn the words by yourself.
South Korea Tian Ji Sun Bin Pang Juan
cowardice cowardice bravery twilight
skinned, annihilated, captured, routed
Anxious and uneasy, he committed suicide.
word comprehension
Uneasy: To describe being uneasy because of fear or worry.
Vigorous: Flexible and brave.
Cowardice: Timid and cowardly.
Ask for help: Ask for help.
Suicide: suicide by cutting one's own neck.
Divide text into paragraphs
The first part (natural paragraphs 1-2) explains the background of the story: Qi State sent troops to rescue Han who was besieged by Wei State, and Wei State also sent a large army to block it.
The second part (natural paragraphs 3-6) describes in detail the cause, process and results of the Battle of Maling. Following Sun Bin's strategy of "showing weakness by reducing the number of enemies", Qi killed Wei general Pang Juan and won the victory.
collaborative inquiry
1. The Wei army was chasing the Qi army fiercely. Tian Ji asked Sun Bin what clever plan he had come up with.
2. Why did Sun Bin come up with this clever plan?
3. How did Pang Juan fall into the trap?
4. How did the Battle of Maling end?
Based on Pang Juan's marching speed, Sun Bin judged that the Wei army could reach Maling Road after sunset. Maling Road is located between two mountains, with dangerous terrain and dense woods. Sun Bin asked his soldiers to cut down the trees and throw them on the road in various directions, leaving only the largest tree among them. He peeled off the bark and wrote the words "Pang Juan died under this tree" in large characters. Sun Bin selected 10,000 archers to ambush nearby and ordered them to shoot arrows together when they saw the light of fire at night.
This sentence explains the location of the battle: Maling Road. It is not difficult to see that when fighting in Maling, Qi State took advantage of the "right time and right place".
"Tianshi" - "after sunset", it is dark, which is conducive to ambush;
"Convenient location" - "the terrain is dangerous and the woods are dense", which is suitable for being condescending and firing thousands of arrows.
Everything was arranged, and when night fell, Pang Juan had led his troops into Maling Road. Because the road was blocked by trees, the Wei army had to stop. In the dusk, Pang Juan vaguely noticed a large peeling tree with several large characters written on it, so he ordered someone to light a torch to see what was going on. At this moment, the Qi army fired thousands of arrows. Pang Juan knew that his defeat was irreversible and he sighed: "Let this boy Sun Bin achieve his reputation." So he committed suicide with his sword (wěn). The Wei army lost their commander and fell into chaos and collapsed. The Qi army took advantage of the victory to attack, annihilated (jiān) the Wei army, and captured (lǔ) Wei Crown Prince Shen.
Two simple sentences embody Sun Bin's "strategic planning and predicting events like a god".
It explained the final result of the "Battle of Maling" and further highlighted its decisive role in the "War to Aid Korea".
What kind of people do you think Sun Bin and Pang Juan are?
Sun Bin: good at using the art of war, knowing oneself and the enemy, predicting events like a god, being smart and resourceful, and using troops like a god
Pang Juan: Pride, complacency, arrogance, arrogance will lead to defeat, and rash actions.
Knowledge transfer:
The Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period: Qi, Chu, Qin, Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Han
Five Hegemons of Spring and Autumn Period
Five hegemons: Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King Zhuang of Chu, King Helu of Wu, and Gou Jian of Yue.
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