"Basic Experiment Operations" PPT courseware

"Basic Experiment Operations" PPT courseware

Entry regulations

1. Only approved personnel may enter the laboratory work area.

2. The laboratory door should be kept closed.

3. Special approval must be obtained to enter the animal breeding room, and you should be careful when entering, move gently, and do not make loud noises.

4. Animals unrelated to laboratory work are not allowed to be brought into the laboratory.

Personal protection

1. When working in the laboratory, you must wear a lab coat at all times.

2. Wash hands after handling infectious experimental materials and animals, and before leaving the laboratory work area.

3. Open-toed shoes are not allowed in the laboratory.

4. It is prohibited to eat, drink, smoke, put on makeup and handle contact lenses in the laboratory work area.

5. It is prohibited to store food and beverages in the laboratory work area.

6. Pay attention to safety in the laboratory, and girls should pay special attention to hair growth.

Laboratory safety operating rules

1. After entering the laboratory, instruments, drugs and other experimental materials are not allowed to be used without the permission of the teacher.

2. Student experiments must be conducted under the guidance of teachers and strictly abide by the operating procedures.

3. When using electric heaters such as electric soldering irons and electric stoves, do not place them directly on combustible materials. When users leave, they should cut off the power supply first.

4. It is prohibited to pour debris, strong acids, strong alkali and toxic organic solvents into the sink.

5. The laboratory oven cannot be left open overnight, and explosive items must not be stored in the refrigerator.

Basic laboratory requirements

After entering the laboratory, students should be organized into groups and listen carefully to the experimental teacher's explanation of the purpose, procedures, instrument performance, operating methods and safety precautions.

Keep the laboratory quiet, and discuss issues during the experiment in a low voice to avoid disturbing other people's experiments.

During the experiment, you should observe carefully, think actively, conduct the experiment according to the operating procedures, carefully record the experimental data, and fill in the experimental report.

After the experiment, each group should inventory the instruments, clean the instruments and utensils, place them neatly in their original condition, and maintain indoor hygiene.

Preparation of commonly used lotions

(1) Chromic acid washing liquid (potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid washing liquid, referred to as washing liquid for short) is widely used for washing glass instruments. There are four commonly used preparation methods:

① 100mL industrial concentrated sulfuric acid + 5g potassium dichromate

② 5g potassium dichromate + 5mL water + 100mL concentrated sulfuric acid

③ 80g potassium dichromate + 1000mL tap water + 100mL industrial sulfuric acid

④ 200g potassium dichromate + 500mL tap water + 500mL industrial sulfuric acid

(2) Concentrated hydrochloric acid (for industrial use): can wash away scale or certain inorganic salt precipitation.

(3) 5% oxalic acid solution: Acidify with a few drops of sulfuric acid to wash away traces of potassium permanganate.

(4) 5% to 10% trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4·12H2O) solution: can wash oily dirt.

(5) 30% nitric acid solution: wash the CO2 measuring instrument and microdropper.

(6) 5% to 10% disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Na2) solution: heating and boiling can elute the white precipitate on the inner wall of the glass instrument.

(7) Urea washing solution: It is a good solvent for proteins and is suitable for washing containers containing protein preparations and blood samples.

Cleaning of glass instruments

1. Cleaning of first-time glassware

2. Cleaning of used glassware

1) General glass instruments

2) Measuring instrument

3) Cleaning of glass cuvettes and quartz cuvettes

4) Others: containers with infectious samples

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