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"Basic Nutrients" Organic Compounds PPT Lesson (Micro Topic Identification, Testing and Removal of Common Organic Compounds)
1. Identification and testing methods of common organic substances
(1)Solubility
Usually water is added to organic matter and observed to see if it dissolves in water. Such as identifying acetic acid and ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethyl chloride, glycerin and grease, etc.
(2) Density difference with water
Observing the situation of water-insoluble organic matter in water can tell whether its density is smaller or larger than that of water. Such as identifying nitrobenzene and benzene, carbon tetrachloride and hexane, etc.
(3) Combustion of organic matter
① Observe whether it is flammable (most organic substances are flammable, carbon tetrachloride and most inorganic substances are not).
②The amount of black smoke when burning.
③The smell when burning (such as identifying polyvinyl chloride and protein).
2. Common methods for separation and purification of organic matter
The separation and purification of organic matter is generally carried out by gas washing, liquid separation, and distillation based on the chemical properties, normal temperature state, solubility, and boiling point of each organic matter.
Track training
1. (At the end of the first semester of Jinan High School in 2019) Which of the following experimental plans is unreasonable?
A. Identify the presence of glucose in the hydrolyzate of sucrose under the catalysis of sulfuric acid: add fresh Cu(OH)2 suspension directly to the hydrolyzate
B. Identify whether the fabric component is real silk or rayon: use the burning method
C. Identify ethanol, acetic acid and ethyl acetate: use sodium carbonate solution
D. Identify ethane and ethylene: Pass the two gases into bromine and carbon tetrachloride solution respectively
2. Among the following substances, which one can identify acetic acid, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride and barium hydroxide solution at one time
A. Sodium metal B. Bromine water
C. Sodium carbonate solution D. Phenolphthalein solution
3. (End of the first semester of Dalian High School in 2019) To purify the following substances (impurities in brackets), the impurity removal reagents and separation methods used are correct.
4. Which of the following methods for removing impurities is correct?
①Remove a small amount of ethylene in ethane: pass in Cl2 under light conditions, and separate gas and liquid
② Remove a small amount of acetic acid from ethyl acetate: wash with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, separate, dry and distill
③Remove a small amount of SO2 in CO2: the gas passes through a gas scrubbing bottle filled with saturated sodium carbonate solution
④Remove a small amount of acetic acid in ethanol: add enough quicklime and distill
A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.②③
5. (2019·Wuxi High School January Examination) There are currently 7 reagent bottles that have lost their labels. It is known that they contain organic liquids, which may be ethanol, acetic acid, benzene, ethyl acetate, grease, glucose solution, and sucrose solution. Now use the following experiment to determine the name of the liquid in each reagent bottle.
(1) Try to write the name of the liquid represented by the following symbols:
A______, B______, C______, D__________, E______, F____________, G___________.
(2) Write the chemical equation for adding NaOH solution to D and heating it: ____________________________________________.
Keywords: Free download of the PPT courseware for high school chemistry compulsory course 2 from the People's Education Press, PPT download of basic nutrients, PPT download of organic compounds, PPT download of identification, inspection and impurity removal of common organic compounds, .PPT format;
For more information about the PPT courseware "Organic Compounds Basic Nutrients, Identification, Inspection and Removal of Common Organic Substances", please click on the Organic Compounds PPT Basic Nutrients PPT Identification, Inspection and Removal of Common Organic Substances PPT label.
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