"Atmospheric Pressure" Pressure and Buoyancy PPT Courseware 3

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"Atmospheric Pressure" Pressure and Buoyancy PPT Courseware 3

1. Prove the existence of atmospheric pressure

1. Magdeburg Hemisphere Experiment (Otto Glick, Germany)

Small issue discussion:

1. Why does the atmosphere have pressure? ——What is the cause of atmospheric pressure?

2. How did you come up with the idea of ​​considering this reason?

3. Please give some examples of direct use of atmospheric pressure in daily life.

Conclusion: Air is affected by gravity and can flow, so there is pressure inside the air in all directions. The pressure of the atmosphere on objects immersed in it is called atmospheric pressure, or atmospheric pressure or air pressure for short.

2. Measurement of atmospheric pressure

Analysis: (Torricelli, Italy)

There is a vacuum above the mercury surface in the glass tube, while the mercury surface outside the tube is subject to atmospheric pressure. It is the atmospheric pressure that supports the 760 mm high mercury column in the tube, that is, the atmospheric pressure is equal to the pressure generated by the 760 mm high mercury column.

The invariance and change of the glass tube when tilted

Change: Change in the length of the mercury column in the glass.

Unchanging: the height of the mercury column (that is, the height difference between the two liquid levels)

Consolidate practice

1. Since the air is also affected by the _____ force and can flow, there is pressure inside the air in the _______ direction.

2. The pressure exerted by the atmosphere on objects immersed in it is called ___________, or __________ for short.

3. The famous _________ experiment effectively proved the existence of atmospheric pressure. This experiment was conducted by___________.

4. The famous experiment to measure the atmospheric pressure is the ________ experiment. The atmospheric pressure is about _________ Pa.

5. In the experiment of measuring the atmospheric pressure value, the thickness of the glass tube used and the measurement result are ________. It should be placed vertically during the experiment. If the glass tube is tilted, the length of the mercury column in the tube will be ________, and the vertical height of the mercury column will be ________.

6. If water is used to perform the Torricelli experiment, there is a vacuum above the tube, and the atmospheric pressure can support a water column about ________ meters high.

Consolidate practice

1. Layer sand on the bottom of the jar, light the cotton soaked in alcohol and put it into the jar. After a while, put the peeled cooked egg on the mouth of the jar, then the egg will ( )

A bounce up C slowly enter the bottle

B Stay in place D All of the above situations are possible

2. When using a fountain pen to absorb ink, just press and release the spring leaf a few times, and the ink will be absorbed into the rubber tube. This is because ( )

A The rubber tube has suction power

B spring leaf has suction force

C The effect of atmospheric pressure

D The vacuum in the rubber tube has suction

3. Among the following phenomena, the one that cannot explain the existence of atmospheric pressure is ()

A. Plug the small hole in the lid of the teapot so that the water in the teapot cannot be poured out easily.

B Use a straw to suck the juice in the cup into your mouth

C Torricelli experiment

D lock

summary

1. The pressure of the atmosphere on objects immersed in it is called atmospheric pressure

2. The Magdeburg Hemisphere Experiment proved the existence of atmospheric pressure.

3. Torricelli’s experiment measured the value of atmospheric pressure, which is about 105 Pa.

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Update Time: 2024-10-27

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