"Atmospheric Pressure" Pressure PPT download

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"Atmospheric Pressure" Pressure PPT download

Part One Content: Basic Knowledge Key Points

Knowledge point 1: The existence of atmospheric pressure

1. In the experiment shown in the figure, what cannot explain the existence of atmospheric pressure is (D)

2. Among the following phenomena, which one indicates the existence of atmospheric pressure (B)

A. Use an air extractor to extract the air from the bulb

B. Use a straw to suck the drink into your mouth

C. The spout and body of the teapot should be roughly the same height

D. Use glue to attach the stamp to the envelope

Knowledge point 2: Measurement of atmospheric pressure

3. The Italian scientist Torricelli was the first to measure the value of atmospheric pressure. He measured the value of a standard atmospheric pressure as 1.0×105 Pa. If Torricelli used water instead of mercury at that time, a standard atmospheric pressure could support a 10 m water column.

4. In the Torricelli experiment as shown in the figure, the measured atmospheric pressure is equal to (A)

A. The pressure generated by a 750 mm high mercury column

B. The pressure generated by a 760 mm high mercury column

C. The pressure generated by a 770 mm high mercury column

D. The pressure generated by a 780 mm high mercury column

Knowledge point 3: Changes and applications of atmospheric pressure

5. Within an altitude of 2 km, it can be approximately considered that for every 12 m of altitude increase, the atmospheric pressure changes by 1 mm of mercury. As the altitude increases, the atmospheric pressure decreases (select "decrease", "same" or "increase"); when sucking up fountain pen water, first squeeze the pen cartridge with your hands to expel the air inside, and let go of the ink's action on the atmospheric pressure Enter the pen barrel down.

6. When Xiao Wang was traveling in Tengchong, Yunnan during the summer, he brought a plastic bottle with a tight lid (as shown in Figure a) down from the Gaoligong Peak at an altitude of 3780 m. When he returned to Tengchong County at an altitude of 1600 m that night, It was found that the shape of the plastic bottles that I carried with me changed (as shown in Figure b). The main reason for this phenomenon is that as the altitude decreases, the air density increases and the atmospheric pressure also increases. Since the gas in the bottle is sealed, the air pressure almost remains unchanged. Therefore, the increase in atmospheric pressure causes the shape of the plastic bottle. changes occur.

Atmospheric pressure PPT, part 2: improvement of comprehensive capabilities

7. As shown in the figure, when Xiao Ming was doing the Torricelli experiment, air was accidentally mixed in. The experiment measured that the height difference of the mercury column inside and outside the tube was 72 cm, and the atmospheric pressure at this time was 76 cmHg. Then the pressure at point A in the tube is 4 cmHg, and the pressure at point B in the tube 50 cm high from the liquid level outside the tube is 26 cmHg.

8. When using Torricelli's experiment to measure the value of atmospheric pressure, if the glass tube is not placed vertically, the measurement result will remain unchanged (select "too large", "small" or "unchanged").

9. Use an alcohol lamp to heat the water in the flask. After the water boils, remove the alcohol lamp and the water will stop boiling immediately. Then place the flask upside down on an iron stand and pour cold water over it. You will observe that the water in the flask boils again. , this phenomenon shows that the boiling point of liquid decreases with the decrease of air pressure.

10. Regarding the Torricelli experiment as shown in the figure, which of the following statements is correct (A)

A. When the glass tube is placed at an angle, the mercury column in the glass tube will become longer.

B. If you use a thick glass tube for the experiment, the height of the mercury column in the tube will decrease.

C. What this experiment measures at any time is the value of standard atmospheric pressure.

D. Move this device from the ground to the top of the mountain, and the mercury level in the glass tube will rise.

11. Immerse the cup filled with water into the water with the mouth facing down. As shown in the picture, grab the bottom of the cup and lift it up. Before the mouth of the cup leaves the water, the part of the cup that is exposed to the water (A)

A. full of water

B. No water

C. There is water, but it is not full, and there is air above the water.

D. There is water, but it is not full. There is a vacuum above the water.

12. In the cup-covering experiment to verify the existence of atmospheric pressure, Xiao Ke believed that the paper did not fall during the experiment entirely because the paper was stuck to the water at the mouth of the cup, and had nothing to do with the atmospheric pressure. The following experiment that can help Xiao Ke change this idea is (D)

A. As shown in Figure A, use different types of paper to do the cup-covering experiment, and the paper will not fall off.

B. As shown in Figure B, during the cup-covering experiment, the mouth of the cup was oriented in different directions, and the pieces of paper did not fall off.

C. As shown in Figure C, cover the mouth of the empty cup with a piece of wet paper, and turn the cup upside down so that the paper does not fall off

D. As shown in Figure D, a cup-covering experiment is performed in a closed bell jar, and the paper falls off during the process of extracting the air from the bell jar.

Atmospheric Pressure PPT, Part 3: Expanding Research and Breakthroughs

15. Xiao Ming uses a small syringe (volume: 10 mL), spring dynamometer, scale and other equipment to measure the value of atmospheric pressure. The experimental steps are as follows:

(1) Push the piston of the syringe to the bottom of the syringe barrel, and then plug the small hole of the syringe with a rubber cap to drain the air from the syringe;

(2) Xiao Ming tied the neck of the syringe piston with a thin nylon rope, connected the other end of the rope to the hook of the spring dynamometer, and then slowly pulled the syringe barrel horizontally to the right. When the piston in the syringe was just pulled, Note that the reading of the spring force gauge is 18 N, and other data are recorded in the table. According to his data, the value of atmospheric pressure is calculated to be 90000 Pa;

volume length tension atmospheric pressure

10 mL 5 cm 18 N

(3) Xiao Ming’s measurement value is smaller than the standard atmospheric pressure. The reason for this result may be that the air in the syringe barrel is not exhausted.

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For more information about the "Pressure, Atmospheric Pressure, Strong" PPT courseware, please click on the Pressure PPT Atmospheric Pressure PPT tab.

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Update Time: 2024-10-20

This template belongs to Physics courseware People's Education Edition Physics for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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