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"Archimedes' Principle" Buoyancy PPT Courseware 8
1. Review
1: What is buoyancy?
Design experiment: As shown in the figure, use a spring dynamometer, a block, a thin wire, a beaker, water and other equipment to compare the readings of the spring dynamometer when the block is in air and water.
step:
(1) Determine the gravity of the object in air.
(2) Immerse the block in water and weigh its gravity.
think:
Are the gravity measured twice the same? Why?
2. What factors are related to the size of buoyancy?
Experimental conjecture:
Conjecture 1: Buoyancy may be related to the density of the liquid
Conjecture 2: Buoyancy may be related to the volume of liquid displaced by the object
Conjecture 1: Buoyancy may be related to liquid density
design experiment:
⑴Put an object into clear water and observe the indication of the spring dynamometer G1=——
⑵Put the object into the copper sulfate solution and observe the indication of the spring dynamometer G2=——
Phenomenon: It is found that G2 is smaller than G1
Analysis: The density of copper sulfate solution is greater than that of water, so the buoyancy is greater
Experimental conclusion: The size of the buoyancy force is related to the density of the liquid.
Conjecture 2: The size of the buoyancy force may be related to the volume of liquid displaced by the object
design experiment:
Slowly press the can into the beaker filled with water by hand, experience the buoyancy and its changes, and observe the amount of water overflowing in the plate.
Phenomenon: The larger the volume of the can immersed in water, the more water will be discharged.
Analysis: The larger the volume of the object immersed in the liquid, the greater the volume of the displaced liquid, and the greater the buoyancy force on the object.
Experimental conclusion: The size of the buoyancy force is related to the volume of liquid displaced by the object.
Experimental exploration: the size of buoyancy
Ask the question: What is the relationship between the magnitude of the buoyant force and the force of gravity that displaces the liquid?
Experimental equipment: stones, overflow cup, small bucket, spring dynamometer, water
Experimental steps:
(1) Use a spring dynamometer to first measure the gravity G of the stone.
(2) Measure the reading F of the spring force gauge when the stone is immersed in the liquid.
(3) Calculate the buoyancy force Fbuoyancy=G-F=?
(4) Measure the gravity G1 of the empty keg
(5) Measure the total gravity G2 of the keg and the drained water
(6) Calculate the gravity of the displaced water G=G1-G2=?
Class exercises
1. In the debate between the big fish and the small fish as shown in the picture, the ____ fish’s statement is correct. This is because the two fish are immersed in the same liquid, and the buoyancy force they receive is related to __________.
2. A 2N object is hung on a spring dynamometer. When the hook code is immersed in water, the reading of the spring dynamometer is 1.2N. The buoyancy force of the hook code by the water is ________N
3. A wooden block floats on the water surface. It is known that its volume is 0.005m3, and two-fifths of it is above the water surface. Find the buoyant force on the wooden block?
(ρwater=1.0×103kg/m3, g=10N/kg)
summary
1. Factors affecting the size of buoyancy: The size of the buoyancy force experienced by an object in a liquid is not only related to the density of the liquid, but also related to the volume of the liquid displaced by the object.
2. Archimedes' principle: The buoyancy force on an object immersed in a liquid is equal to the gravity of the liquid displaced by the object.
Formula: F float = G row = ρ liquid g V row
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