"Application of Geographic Information Technology in Disaster Prevention and Mitigation" Natural Disasters PPT

"Application of Geographic Information Technology in Disaster Prevention and Mitigation" Natural Disasters PPT

Part One Content: Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the main types and characteristics of geographic information technology.

2. Master the working principles of major geographical information technologies and their applications in disaster prevention and reduction.

PPT on the application of geographical information technology in disaster prevention and reduction, part 2: independent preview and exploration of new knowledge

1. Remote sensing technology

1. Concept: Remote sensing technology is a geographical information technology that uses ______ or __________ mounted on an aircraft or spacecraft to ______ objects on the earth's surface.

2. Features: Detect ______, obtain information ______, short cycle, large amount of information, affected by ground conditions ______.

3. application

(1) Monitor the ______ of floods, typhoons and other disasters in real time and carry out accurate _____ and _______.

(2) Quickly identify the ______ of sudden disasters such as earthquakes and provide powerful ______ for disaster statistics and disaster relief.

2. Global satellite navigation system

1. Meaning: Geographic information technology that uses satellites to carry out real-time _______ around the world.

2. System composition

Space part - _______ ground

Control part - ground monitoring system

User part - _______ system

3. Features: _______, all-weather, continuity and _______.

4. application

Through the signal receiving equipment, accurate _______ is carried out to help users send out _______, timely report and disaster situation, and effectively _______ rescue and search time.

PPT on the application of geographical information technology in disaster prevention and reduction, part three: cooperative exploration to overcome difficult problems

Remote sensing technology and its applications

At 10:43 on May 15, 2016, China launched the remote sensing satellite No. 30 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the "Long March 2D" carrier rocket. Remote sensing satellite No. 30 will be mainly used in scientific experiments, land and resources census, crop yield estimation and disaster prevention and reduction. In the fight against major natural disasters such as the Wenchuan Earthquake and the Zhouqu Debris Flow, remote sensing satellites have provided massive support information for ground command, disaster relief, disaster verification, recovery and reconstruction through real-time ground imaging observations.

Question 1 (Comprehensive thinking) Why can remote sensing technology be widely used in disaster relief?

Tip: Because remote sensing technology has the characteristics of large detection range, fast data acquisition, few restrictions on ground conditions, and large amount of information, the application field is very broad.

Question 2 (Geographical practice) Remote sensing technology relies on aircraft, spaceships, satellites and other vehicles. Try to analyze what impact the operating altitude of the vehicle will have on the remote sensing results?

Tip: The flight altitude of the sensor carrier has a great influence on the range, speed, period, resolution, etc. of remote sensing detection. Generally speaking, the higher the vehicle flies, the wider the detection range, the faster the data is obtained, and the shorter the cycle, but the lower the resolution of ground objects.

Question 3 (Comprehensive thinking) How to apply remote sensing technology for environmental monitoring?

Tip: Based on the different reflectivity of ground objects under different circumstances, remote sensing can be used to determine water pollution and air pollution.

[Summary]

1. Working characteristics of remote sensing technology

Remote sensing has the characteristics of large detection range, fast data acquisition, few restrictions on ground conditions, and large amount of information obtained. Therefore, remote sensing has obvious advantages and is widely used.

2. The role of remote sensing in natural disaster monitoring

PPT on the application of geographical information technology in disaster prevention and reduction, part 4: Competing literacy standards and solidifying the basics

1. Comparing the two satellite photos, we can directly conclude that this area ()

A． Severe drought in spring 2010

B． The river has continued to widen since 2010

C. Lakes increased in spring 2011

D. Large areas of land were flooded in the spring of 2011

2. Compared with Figure A, the main reason for the changes in this area during the period shown in Figure B is ()

A. Continuous heavy rain B. Flood irrigation of farmland

C. High pressure control D. Seawater backflow

1.D　2.A　Comparing the two pictures, it can be seen that the water area in 2011 was significantly larger than that in 2010, and large areas of land were flooded. The main reason for the increase in river water is most likely the continuous heavy rain. ]

The Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite positioning and communication system independently developed by my country. It is the fourth mature satellite navigation system after the American Global Positioning System, the Russian GLONASS satellite navigation system, and the European Galileo satellite navigation system. The Beidou satellite navigation system can provide users with high-precision and high-reliability positioning, navigation, and timing services around the world and around the clock, and has short message communication capabilities. Answer the following questions based on the material.

3. The geographical information technology used by the Beidou satellite navigation system is ()

A. Remote Sensing (RS) B. Geographic Information System (GIS)

C. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNNS) D. digital earth

4. The main roles played by the Beidou satellite navigation system in earthquake relief are ()

① Provide images of disaster areas ② Statistics of economic losses in disaster areas

③ Determine the location of disaster relief personnel ④ Provide short text contact

A． ①② B. ①③

C. ②③ D. ③④

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