"Ancient India" Diverse Development of Early Civilizations PPT

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"Ancient India" Diverse Development of Early Civilizations PPT

Part One: Natural Environment

1. Read the picture and combine it with the knowledge learned in seventh grade to describe the geographical location of ancient India and analyze the natural conditions there (climate, rivers).

2. Find the important cities in ancient India in the picture.

Located in the South Asian subcontinent, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal

Natural conditions

The Indus and Ganges river basins are the economic, political, and cultural centers of the entire South Asia region, and are also the birthplace of ancient Indian civilization.

Ancient India PPT, Part 2: The History of Civilization

Around 2500 BC, city-states emerged in the Indus Valley. Among them, Harappa and Mohenjo Daro are the most famous.

After the 15th century BC, the Aryans invaded and established a small slave country.

City-states emerged in 2500 B.C.

The Aryans invaded and established some small states

From the 6th century BC, the peninsula was gradually unified

In the 3rd century BC, King Asoka of Magadha basically unified the peninsula.

split again

Ancient India PPT, Part 3: Caste System

Origin: After the Aryans entered ancient India, different levels gradually emerged internally, forming a strict hierarchical system called the "caste system."

Please guess which level he is based on the different occupations of the four levels in the caste system?

Mainly engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry, handicrafts, and commerce

Engage in religious matters

Engage in agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing, pig raising and other occupations.

Engage in national military and administrative affairs.

Features:

1. The hierarchical system is very strict, and there are strict boundaries between different levels;

2. People of different classes are not allowed to intermarry with each other.

3. People at the next level cannot engage in occupations at the upper level;

Purpose (substantial): To maintain the dominance of high-ranking castes.

Ancient India PPT, Part 4: Buddhism

Independent learning and thinking:

1. When, where and who founded Buddhism?

2. What was the background of Sakyamuni’s founding of Buddhism?

3. What are the teachings of Buddhism?

4. When was Buddhism promoted?

5. Since Buddhism advocates "the equality of all living beings" and opposes hierarchy, why did Ashoka, as a member of the ruling class, still promote and spread Buddhism?

1. The emergence of Buddhism

Background: The caste system has intensified social conflicts. With the development of society, the caste system has increasingly aroused people's dissatisfaction, and sentiment against Brahmin privileges continues to rise.

Time of creation: 6th century BC

Founder: Gautama Siddhartha, later known as "Sakyamuni".

2. Buddhist teachings

Buddhist classics

Collectively known as Tripitaka

Buddhist teachings

(1) Promote "equality of all living beings" and oppose the caste system promoted by Brahmins;

(2) It is believed that human birth, old age, illness and death are all "suffering", and the root of suffering is human desire. Only by eliminating desire, patiently obeying, and practicing hard can we get rid of "suffering" and reach the "Ultimate World"

How to understand Buddhist teachings?

①Buddhism advocates the idea of ​​"equality of all living beings" on the surface to oppose the hierarchical system of ancient India. It reflects the demands of the lower class people to a certain extent and is easily accepted by the masses.

② Buddhism only promises people illusory equality, not equality in the real world. Buddhism does not oppose slavery and puts Kshatriyas first; she comforts the unfortunate people in this life with the happiness of the next life; it requires people Submit to the oppression and exploitation of the ruling class, be patient and obedient, and do not resist.

Buddhism has become a spiritual tool for the ruling class to enslave and dominate the working people.

3. Development and spread of Buddhism

1. Development

In the 3rd century BC, King Asoka vigorously promoted Buddhism and built a

Many Buddhist temples and pagodas...sent monks to preach in neighboring countries.

2. The spread route of Buddhism

Around BC (late Western Han Dynasty), Buddhism was introduced to China

After Jianzhen of the Tang Dynasty traveled eastward, Buddhism was introduced to Japan

The main area where Buddhism is now spread: Asia

Ancient India PPT, Part 5: Class Summary

India in South Asia is another birthplace of human civilization. India is one of the famous ancient civilizations. Around 2500 BC, a small slave state appeared here. Later, the Aryans from Central Asia invaded India and established slave states in the Indus and Ganges river basins. After the Aryans entered India, they formed a strict hierarchical system in India, which was known as the "caste system" in history. It artificially divides Indian society into four classes from top to bottom, with different levels and different rights and obligations. In his struggle against the caste system, Siddhartha Gautama founded Buddhism.

How to understand Buddhist teachings?

Buddhism's claim that "all living beings are equal" is ostensibly to oppose the hierarchical system of ancient India. To a certain extent, it reflects the demands of the lower classes and is easily accepted by the masses.

Buddhism advocates the equality of all living beings, which is mainly reflected in the equality of "karma and rebirth". It is believed that regardless of high caste or low caste, those who have done good deeds will be born into wealthy families in the next life, and those who have done bad deeds will be born into humble families in the next life.

Buddhism has become a spiritual tool for the ruling class to enslave and dominate the working people.

Keywords: Free download of History and Society PPT courseware for the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, PPT download of ancient India, PPT download of early civilizations with diverse development, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Early Civilizations with Diverse Development in Ancient India", please click the "Early Civilizations with Diverse Developments in Ancient India ppt" ppt tag.

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"Ancient India" PPT:

"Ancient India" PPT Part One Content: Teaching Objectives 1. Know the geographical location, natural environment, and civilization history of ancient India; the Indian caste system; and the rise and spread of Buddhism. 2. Guide students to read relevant materials about India’s caste system and Buddhist teachings, and cultivate...

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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