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"Ancient Egypt" Diverse Development of Early Civilization PPT Courseware
Part One: Geographic Environment
Read the pictures and combine them with the knowledge learned in seventh grade to describe the geographical location of ancient Egypt and analyze the natural conditions there (climate, rivers).
Located in northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north
Tropical desert climate, drought and little rain;
The Nile River is the longest river in the world with a large amount of water and is Egypt's only source of water.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 2: History of Civilization
What kind of development process did the ancient Egyptian state experience? (P2-4)
Based on the development history of ancient Egypt, a chronological ruler is completed.
Rise: Around 3500 BC, dozens of initial small countries gradually formed.
Development: In 3100 BC, Menes initially established a unified Egyptian state.
Powerful: In the 15th century BC, it became an empire spanning Asia and Africa.
Decline and decline: ① In the 6th century BC, it was destroyed by Persia. ②By the 7th century, this land became part of the Arab Empire, and the ancient Egyptians and Arabs gradually merged.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 3: Civilization Achievements
Ancient Egypt's contribution to human civilization
①Politics: autocratic monarchy system
②Building: Pyramid
③Text: Hieroglyphics
④Calendar: Solar calendar
⑤Medicine: In the process of making mummies, I gained preliminary knowledge of anatomy, understood the relationship between blood circulation and heart beating, and began to treat diseases in different disciplines.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 4: Civilization Exploration
What impact did the Nile River (natural environment) have on ancient Egyptian civilization?
①Water source: The Nile River has a large amount of water and is the only water source in Egypt.
②Agriculture: The regular flooding of the Nile River provided fertile soil for farming in ancient Egypt.
③Transportation: The Nile River is easy to navigate, providing favorable transportation conditions for the unification of ancient Egypt.
④ Calendar: The ancient Egyptians observed the flooding of the Nile River, discovered its patterns, and developed astronomy, such as formulating a solar calendar.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 5: Summary
Talk about the impact of the natural environment of the Nile River Basin on ancient Egyptian civilization?
1. Ancient Egypt was located in a desert, with a dry climate and little rain, and the Nile River was the only water source;
2. The Nile River flooded regularly, providing fertile soil for farming in ancient Egypt. gave birth to the ancient Egyptian civilization.
3. The Nile River is easy to navigate and provides favorable natural conditions for the unification of ancient Egypt.
4. The ancient Egyptians observed the flooding of the Nile River, discovered its patterns, and developed astronomy, such as formulating a solar calendar.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 6: Pyramids
Architecture: Pyramids - Symbols of Ancient Egyptian Civilization
Pyramids - Origins
The ancient Egyptian king Osiris was killed by his evil brothers, his body was cut into pieces and thrown into the Nile River. Queen Isis was so distraught that she found the body, lay down on it and cried bitterly, which moved the Sun God. So the gods helped her restore the body parts to corpses and make mummies, that is, mummies. Osiris was reborn and became the ruler of the underworld. From then on, after every pharaoh died, the myth of Osiris was performed, mummified, placed in a sarcophagus, and then sent to the "permanent residence"-the pyramid. The ancient Egyptians believed that in this way, the souls of the pharaohs could live forever and be resurrected in the paradise world 3,000 years later.
The pyramids served as tombs for the pharaohs and reflected the religious beliefs of ancient Egypt.
Pyramid - Engineering
The ancient Greek historian Herodotus wrote based on rumors: "He (Khufu) forced everyone to work for him... They were divided into large groups of 100,000 people to work, and each large group had to work for 3 months... The pyramids The construction itself took 20 years.”
Some scholars estimate that if the stones for building the pyramid were transported by train, approximately 600,000 wagons would be used. If these stones were chipped and paved into a one-foot-wide road, it could circle the earth.
The successful organization and construction of the pyramids reflects the strong mobilization ability and advanced organizational level of the ancient Egyptian state.
How to understand that the pyramid is a symbol of ancient Egyptian civilization?
①The tall majesty of the pyramid reflects the sacred authority of ancient Egyptian kingship.
②The pyramid, as the tomb of the Pharaoh, reflects the religious beliefs of ancient Egypt.
③The successful organization and construction of the pyramids reflects the strong mobilization ability and advanced organizational level of the ancient Egyptian state.
④The sophistication of the pyramid reflects the superb technological level of ancient Egypt.
Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 7: Practice
Question 6 of Workbook P1:
Combined with the materials, talk about why the ancient Egyptian people praised the Nile River?
(1) Ancient Egypt was located in a desert, with a dry climate and little rain, and the Nile River was the only water source;
(2) The regular flooding of the Nile River makes the land on both sides fertile and provides the Egyptian people with water for production and living;
(3) The Nile River developed Egypt’s agriculture, nurtured the Egyptian people, and gave birth to the ancient Egyptian civilization.
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