"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 6

Description

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 6

Curriculum Standards

Learn about the famous "Homer's Epic" and the tragedy "Oedipus the King" in ancient Greece; learn about the collection of Arabian folk tales "Arabian Nights"; learn about the outstanding scientist Archimedes; learn about the famous buildings Mecca's Great Mosque and Our Lady of Paris hospital.

knowledge and abilities

Through the study of this course, you will expand your knowledge horizons and cultivate the ability to appreciate the world's ancient science and technology and thought and culture; combine the knowledge you have learned with life experience, appreciate the impact of ancient science and technology, literature, drama and architecture on the development of world culture, and cultivate observation, comparison , the ability to analyze and judge historical phenomena.

Emotional attitudes and values

Through the study of this course, you can stimulate your interest in learning ancient science and technology, literature, drama and architecture, and be able to appreciate the extraordinary creativity and aesthetic taste of the ancient working people and the spirit of exploring scientific truth based on your own understanding, and further establish and develop the scientific and technological undertakings of the motherland. , the lofty ideal of making positive contributions to the prosperity of the motherland's literature and art.

1. Outstanding Scientists

Archimedes was a great mathematician and mechanic in ancient Greece. He was born in Syracuse, Sicily around 287 BC and died in the same place in 212 BC.

(Ancient Greece) Archimedes: Law of Lever and Law of Buoyancy

Archimedes' law

F float = ρ liquid (gas) gV discharge.

Leverage principle

Give me a fulcrum and I will flip the earth.

Archimedes determined the calculation methods for the areas of parabolic arcs, spirals, circles, and the surface areas and volumes of various complex geometries such as ellipsoids and paraboloids.

He used the method of increasing the number of sides and gradually approaching the areas of polygons inscribed and circumscribed in a circle to calculate pi more accurately.

2. Literature and Drama

Homer is a blind singer who travels everywhere.

Homer recited the epic poem

The history of Greece from the 11th century BC to the 9th century BC is called the "Homeric Age", named after Homer's epic poems. Homer's epic poems are the only written historical sources of this period. Including "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" two works.

Homer's epic is not only an immortal literary work in the history of world literature, but also the earliest epic in Greece and the only written historical material of this period.

Literary achievements of ancient Greece

Ancient Greek literature is the source of all Western literature and the first peak of European literature. Ancient Greek literature reflects the real life in Europe during the transition period from clan society to slavery society, and especially reflects people's thinking about war and peace, and the relationship between man and nature in the ancient world. The outstanding heroic deeds and major changes in social history in the ancient Greek era are deeply reflected in literary works. These literary works not only set the tone for the development of Western literature as a whole, but also provided rich documentation for people to study the history and society of the ancient Greek world.

Sophocles diagram

Sophocles - known as the "Homer of dramatic art", his representative work "Oedipus King" is a model that marks the perfect structure of Greek tragedy art. It tells the story of King Oedipus discovering that he is the culprit of "Oedipus' murder of his father and mother" in the form of flashbacks. The appeal of its tragedy is particularly shocking, and it also makes the "Oedipus complex" known to later generations. Psychologists regard it as a synonym for "Oedipus complex".

Aristophanes

Representative writer of early comedy in ancient Greece. Citizen of Athens. It is said that he wrote 44 comedies, 11 of which are extant, including "The Arkanai", "The Knight", "Peace", "The Bird" and "The Frog". Known as the "Father of Comedy".

Born in Attica. He spent most of his life in Athens and interacted with the philosophers Socrates and Plato. His play was first performed in 427 BC. He wrote 44 comedies in his life and won 7 awards. Aristophanes' comedy is sharp and profound, commonly known as old comedy. It is a political satire and touches on major social and political issues. There are countless comedy writers before Aristophanes, but his eleven extant plays are the earliest surviving Greek comedies. The comedies of Aristophanes and those before him are called old comedies, while those that come after him are called medium comedies and new comedies. In the 5th century BC, Athens produced three major comic poets: the first was Cratinos, the second was Eupolis, and the third was Aristophanes. Only Aristophanes handed down some complete works.

Chinese classical architecture

1. The palace and capital planning have the highest achievements, highlighting the idea of ​​supremacy of imperial power and the strict concept of hierarchy;

2. Pay special attention to the beauty of group combinations, either adopting a axially symmetrical courtyard-style layout, or a free-style layout, with the former being the main one;

3. Pay attention to a high degree of collaboration with nature and respect nature;

4. Artistic character pays special attention to the pursuit of beauty that is harmonious, easy, comprehensive and profound. Chinese architectural art is a profound reflection of the Chinese people’s ethics, aesthetics, values ​​and view of nature.

Consolidate training

1. The ancient Greek tragedy writer Sophocles pushed the ancient tragedy art to maturity. His representative work is ( )

A. "The Iliad" B. "The Arabian Nights"

C. "The Odyssey" D. "Oedipus the King"

2. Talk about the ancient world's achievements in science and technology, literature, drama and architecture.

Tip: Technology: Archimedes discovered the law of leverage and the law of buoyancy;

Literature: Ancient Greek "Homer's Epic" and Arabic "Arabian Nights";

Drama: "Oedipus Rex" by the ancient Greek tragedy writer Sophocles; Aeschylus, known as the "father of tragedy", and Aristophanes, the "father of comedy";

Architecturally: The Great Mosque of Mecca and Notre Dame Cathedral.

Activities and Inquiry Answer Tips

The characteristics of Chinese classical architecture are mainly symmetrical distribution along the central axis, clear layers and prominent main body.

Characteristics of Romanesque architecture: stone roofs and round arches are often used, and vaults are built with complex skeleton structures. Among them, the cross shape of the church's plane design is its main feature.

The characteristics of Gothic architecture: It is characterized by high, straight, pointed and strong upward sense in shape, light and slender structure, extensive use of small spiers, and colorful stained glass windows.

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"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 8:

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 8 Learning Objectives 1. Knowledge Objectives: Two scientists, Archimedes and Aristotle, wrote three famous works, "Homer's Epic" and "Russia" King Dipus" and "Arabian Nights" are two famous writers...

"Ancient Science and Technology and Thought and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 7:

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 7 Review the past and learn the new 1. The writing used by the ancient Egyptians is ( ) A. Oracle b． Cuneiform writing C. Phoenician letter D. Hieroglyphics 2. To check out the most primitive ancient West Asian...

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 5:

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (2)" The Propagation and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 5 1. Outstanding Scientist Archimedes was a great mathematician and mechanician in ancient Greece. He was born in Syracuse, Sicily around 287 BC and died in the same place in 212 BC. ..

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Update Time: 2024-11-05

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