"Ancient Science and Culture" Ancient Eastern and Western Civilizations and Their Exchanges PPT Courseware

Description

"Ancient Science and Culture" Ancient Eastern and Western Civilizations and Their Exchanges PPT Courseware

learning target

1. Remember the time when cuneiform was invented, the inventor, the time when hieroglyphics appeared, the region and status.

2. Remember the author, content, and status of Homer’s epic; the main characters and works of tragedy; the content and status of the fairy tale collection Arabian Nights.

3. Remember the major achievements of Euclid and Archimedes.

4. The construction time and status of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris; the status and influence of the Mecca Mosque.

ancient writing

The emergence of writing is a sign that mankind has entered the civilized era.

About 10,000 years ago, picture writing appeared. On this basis cuneiform and hieroglyphics were produced.

Epic "Homer's Epic"

Author: According to legend, it was written by the blind Homer

Content: Including "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey"

Status: The earliest Greek epic poem

Impact: had a profound impact on the development of European literature and art

"Arabian Nights"

Content: Reflects the social life of Arab people of all ethnic groups.

Status: A pearl in the history of world literature

Influence: It has had a profound impact on Western literature and art, and is known as "the most beautiful monument" in folk oral literature creation.

Euclid

Position: Famous mathematician in ancient Greece

Achievements: "Elements of Geometry"

Influence: ① Used as a geometry textbook in the West.

②Xu Guangqi in the Ming Dynasty translated it into Chinese and introduced it to our country for the first time.

Archimedes

Status: Ancient Greek scholar, one of the most influential mathematicians in history, and the first ancient mathematician to combine abstract theory with practical applications.

Achievements: 1. Determined the calculation method of the area and volume of objects, and obtained the approximate value of pi.

2. Archimedes’ theorem named after him created fluid statics.

3. The proposed lever principle is widely used in machinery.

Quote: Give me a fulcrum and I can lift the whole earth

practise:

1. Writing is a symbol of human civilization. The ancient writings that can be consulted when studying ancient Egyptian history are ( )

A. Hieroglyphs B. Cuneiform C. Oracle D. Phoenician letters

2. Cuneiform has made a significant contribution to the development of human civilization. It is widely used in ( )

A.Ancient South Asia B.Ancient North Africa C.Ancient Western Europe D.Ancient Western Asia

3. The world’s earliest masterpiece of axiomatic mathematics and a scientific work regarded as a monument in the history of science is ( )

A "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" B "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" C "Shu Shu" D "Elements of Geometry"

4. The famous ancient Greek playwright Sophocles’ masterpiece is ( )

A. "Prometheus Bound" B. "Alibaba and the Forty Thieves"

C. "Oedipus the King" D. "The Iliad"

5. In the history of Arab culture, a widely circulated collection of folk tales appeared. it is( )

A "Homer" B "Aesop's Fables" C "Quran" D "Arabian Nights"

6.The typical Gothic architecture in France is ( )

A.Parthenon B.Notre Dame C.Mecca Mosque D.Karnak Temple

(2) Material analysis: Read the following materials and answer the questions based on the knowledge you have learned.

Material 1: There was a great mathematician and physicist in ancient Greece who was eager to learn since he was a child and was well versed in modern science. Later he specialized in scientific research. It is said that he was often forced to take a bath, but even at this time, he would draw geometric shapes on the ground, and even use his fingers to draw lines on his balm-smeared belly. One day, he went to take a bath. As soon as he lay down in the tub filled with warm water, the water overflowed and he felt his body floating slightly. Suddenly, he shouted happily: "Found it! Found it!"...

Material 2: It is said that he has a famous saying: "Give me a fulcrum and I will move the whole earth." Please answer:

(1) Who are the historical figures referred to by "he" in Materials 1 and 2?

Answer: Archimedes.

(2) According to the narratives in the two materials, what did "he" discover in physics?

Answer: The principle of leverage and the law of buoyancy.

(3) How do you understand the meaning of this sentence in Material 2? Based on what you have read and learned, please use two words to describe "his" scientific attitude or spirit.

Answer: Meaning: Science is power.

Two words for scientific attitude or spirit: good at thinking and dedicated to science.

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Update Time: 2024-10-17

This template belongs to History courseware Zhonghua Book Company Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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