"Amphibians and Reptiles" Main Groups of Animals PPT Courseware 5

"Amphibians and Reptiles" Main Groups of Animals PPT Courseware 5

Think about it, discuss it

Frogs and turtles can live in both water and land. However, frogs are amphibians and turtles are reptiles. Why is this?

What is the representative animal of amphibians?

frog

Development of frogs:

①Tadpoles: have tails, breathe with ____, and can only live in _____.

② Frog: _______ disappears, gives birth to _______, and can live on ______.

Think: What is an amphibian?

Larvae: live in water and breathe with gills;

Adult: Lives on land or in water, mainly uses lungs to breathe, and also uses skin to assist breathing.

Animals with the above characteristics are called amphibians

1. Amphibians

1. Morphological structure and physiological functions of frogs

Self-study guide 2 P25~26 Observation and thinking discussion questions (3 minutes)

1. What is the color of the frog’s body surface? What does this have to do with its living environment?

2. How do you feel when you hold the frog in your hand?

3. What is the relationship between comparing the functions of a frog’s forelimbs and hindlimbs?

Why can frogs live both on land and in water?

Head: Triangular in shape, which can reduce resistance when swimming in water; there are eardrums behind the eyes, which can sense sound waves; there is a pair of nostrils on the front of the head, which are passages for gas during breathing;

The head has developed sensory organs such as mouth, nostrils, eyes, and eardrums, which are an adaptation to the complex environment on land.

Limbs:

Forelimbs ______, can support the body;

The hind limbs ______, with ______ between the toes, can both ______ and paddle.

Respiratory system: Frogs live on land and mainly rely on lungs to breathe. They can absorb oxygen from the air. Their skin is moist and they can breathe in water and on land. The skin is exposed and secretes mucus to reduce resistance when swimming. There are abundant blood vessels in the skin. Can assist breathing, an adaptation to life on land

Frogs are cold-blooded animals

1. Living environment: larvae live in water; adults live on land.

2. Body color: protective color

3. Skin: bare; able to secrete mucus

4. Movement organs: Have strong limbs

5. Respiration: Larvae breathe through gills; adults breathe through lungs and skin.

Other amphibians: toads, giant salamanders, newts

Toad: commonly known as toad. The skin is rough, and the back is covered with large and small pimples, which are skin glands. There is a pair of large venom glands behind the eyes, which can secrete white venom, which can be used to make the traditional Chinese medicine toad venom.

1. Which of the following are amphibians ( ).

A turtle B giant salamander C crocodile D Chinese sturgeon

2. During the reproductive season, the male frog's singing sac bulges and the cry is loud. Its purpose is ().

A attracts female frogs

B scare off enemies

C means in vitro fertilization is complete

D attract insects

3. The mature frog will return to the water ( ).

A catch flies B get needed food

C reproduction D moist gill body

test you

1. Which of the following animals is not amphibians ( ).

A. Toad B. Salamander C. Turtle D. Giant salamander

2. The order of development of tadpoles is ( ).

① Fertilized egg ② Tadpole with internal gills ③ Tadpole with hind limbs ④ Tadpole with forelimbs ⑤ Tadpole with external gills ⑥ Young frog ⑦ Adult frog

A. ①②③④⑤⑥⑦ B. ①⑤②③④⑥⑦

C. ①③②④⑤⑥⑦ D. ①④③②⑤⑥⑦

3. The starting point of frog ontogeny is ().

A. tadpole B. egg

C. Young frog D. Fertilized egg

4. The reason why amphibians cannot become true terrestrial vertebrates is ().

A.Irregular body temperature B.Underdeveloped lungs

C. Skin respiration D. Reproduction is inseparable from water

Why are reptiles the true terrestrial vertebrates compared to amphibians?

1. The lungs of reptiles are more developed than those of amphibians and have stronger gas exchange capabilities. Reptiles’ oxygen needs on land can be met by breathing through the lungs alone.

2. Frog eggs are laid and fertilized in water, while the reproduction and development of reptiles are completely free from the constraints of water.

What are the morphological and structural characteristics of lizards?

①Body distribution: There are ____ behind the head, which can be flexibly rotated to facilitate __________________ on land.

② Limbs: ____, cannot jump, but can crawl quickly on the ground.

③Skin: dry, with keratinous scales covering the surface, which can both ____ the body and _______________

④ Breathing: Strong gas exchange ability, only relying on ____ breathing

⑤ Reproduction: Lay eggs on land. The fertilized eggs are larger, contain more nutrients and contain a certain amount of water, and are protected by a tough egg shell, allowing the eggs to develop into young lizards in a terrestrial environment.

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