"American Civil War" The wave of industrial civilization sweeping the world PPT courseware

"American Civil War" The wave of industrial civilization sweeping the world PPT courseware

Part One: Historical Background of the Civil War

1. Territorial expansion

2. Reasons for the outbreak of war

3. The focus of the conflict between the North and the South: the abolition of slavery

The north is highly industrialized. With the development of the Industrial Revolution, on the one hand, the North needed to control the southern market and sell industrial products. At the same time, it also needed raw materials such as cotton from the South. Moreover, northern capitalists hoped to liberate black slaves and expand the free labor force.

However, the planters in the South hoped to import cheap British goods and would rather sell cotton abroad to obtain more profits. At the same time, they hoped to have more black slaves and develop more plantations; they even wanted to promote the slavery system. to the newly expanded western territories.

This caused the North to lose the raw materials and markets of the South, and the slavery system occupied a large amount of labor, thus affecting the further development of northern capitalism.

Fundamental reason: The contradiction between the northern capitalist economy and the southern plantation slavery economy gradually became irreconcilable

4. The trigger: Lincoln was elected president in 1860

American Civil War PPT, Part 2: The Course of the Civil War (1861-1865)

1. Beginning: April 12-14, 1861, the South provoked the Civil War.

2. Initial situation: The North is losing ground one after another.

1. In the Battle of Manassas in July 1861, the southern army advanced towards Washington, defeated the northern army and was seriously threatened.

2. In 1862, the Northern Army attacked Richmond and failed. The capital, Washington, was once again in danger.

3. Turning point: In 1862, the Lincoln administration promulgated

Homestead Act

The law stipulates: "Any American citizen, as long as he pays a handling fee of US$10, can obtain a piece of land in the western United States. After five consecutive years of continuous cultivation, the land will become his private property." ----Satisfied the people's requirements for land.

The impact of the Homestead Act and the Emancipation Proclamation on the war situation

"Homestead Law": Satisfied the people's demand for land, stimulated the development of the west, and provided rich material resources to the north.

"Declaration of Emancipation of Black Slaves": It dismantled slavery in the rebellious states, liberated black slaves, and enabled black slaves to actively join the army. The Northern Army thus obtained a strong source of troops;

Therefore, these two laws mobilized the enthusiasm of the people, turned the tide of the war, and became a turning point in the American Civil War.

4. The South surrendered on April 9, 1865, and the North won.

In the summer of 1864, the Northern Army besieged the main force of the Southern Army near Richmond; General Sherman captured Atlanta, the largest military industrial city in the South, cutting off the supply lines of the rebel government.

1865.4.3. Richmond, the rebel base, was captured.

American Civil War PPT, Part 3: The Nature and Significance of the Civil War

1. Nature: It is the second bourgeois revolution in American history

2. Meaning:

Maintained the unity of the country,

Abolition of black slavery,

This cleared another obstacle to the development of capitalism and created conditions for rapid economic development in the future.

American Civil War PPT, Part 4: Classroom Exercises

1. Before the American Civil War, the essence of the conflict between the North and the South was ( )

A. The contradiction between the two social systems B. The opposition between the two exploiting classes

C. The opposition between local and central authorities D. The contradiction between the two economic systems

2. The focus of the conflict between the North and the South in the United States is ( )

A. The issue of tariffs B. The issue of the survival and abolition of slavery

C. The problem of territorial expansion to the west D. The problem of competition for labor force

3. The American Civil War became the second bourgeois revolution in the United States, mainly ( )

A. Put down the southern rebellion B. Abolition of slavery

C. Eliminate racial discrimination D. Solve the land issue

4. Similarities between the American Civil War and the Revolutionary War ( )

A. Won national independence B. Maintained national unity

C. Removed obstacles to capitalist development D. Lifted racial oppression and discrimination

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