"Socialist Revolution and Construction under Lenin" The Rapidly Turbulent Modern World PPT Courseware 3

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"Socialist Revolution and Construction under Lenin" The Rapidly Turbulent Modern World PPT Courseware 3

Review important knowledge points

There were three fronts in World War I: west, east, and south. The most critical one was the Western Front. Germany fought on two fronts.

The Battle of Verdun was a turning point in World War I.

The Battle of the Somme was the largest battle of the First World War.

New weapons used in World War I included long-range artillery, tanks, poison gas, attack aircraft, bombers, and submarines.

The four major events that accelerated the end of the war were the entry of the United States into the war; the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia and its withdrawal from the war; the war-weariness of soldiers and civilians on both sides; and the rise of the anti-war movement of the Allied Powers.

The impact of World War I: The war brought disaster and destruction to mankind, but it objectively affected the development of world history.

What the First World War taught us:

1. War will bring serious disasters to mankind, so we must oppose war and love peace.

2. Science and technology should be used to benefit mankind and not used in war.

3. Today’s peaceful environment is hard-won, so cherish it.

learning target

1. Understand the significance of the victory of the Petrograd Armed Uprising and the October Revolution; master the basic contents of wartime communist policies and new economic policies.

2. Cultivate the ability to correctly understand historical issues by comparing wartime communism and the New Economic Policy.

3. Understand Lenin’s spirit of seeking truth from facts and having the courage to innovate in exploring the road to socialism.

independent inquiry

1. Russian October Revolution (November 1917)

(1) The background of the outbreak of the February Revolution, the nature of the overthrown rule, and the class that took power after the revolution.

(2) Lenin's "April Theses" called for the transition of the Russian revolution from what to what?

(3) Overview of the October Revolution. (time, leader, uprising headquarters, established regime, etc.)

(4) The historical significance of the October Revolution.

2. wartime communism

(1) Background

(2) Understand the main policy of wartime communism-the surplus grain collection system.

(3) What were the characteristics of wartime communism?

(4) A brief review of wartime communist policies.

3. New Economic Policy (1921)

(1) Background

(2) Understand the main contents of the new economic policy (master agricultural policies)

(3) The impact of new economic policies

1. Russian October Revolution

1. The outbreak of the February Revolution

Time: March 1917

Result: Overthrow of Tsarist autocratic rule

Nature: bourgeois democratic revolution

Situation: Provisional government with bourgeois interests in power

2. Petrograd Armed Uprising (the beginning of the October Revolution)

Time: November 1917

Leader: Lenin

Result: Overthrow of the Provisional Government and establishment of Soviet power.

Significance: Marks the birth of the world's first socialist country.

3. The historical significance of the Russian October Revolution

(1) It was an epoch-making great revolution in Russian history, giving birth to the world’s first socialist country.

(2) It was the first victorious proletarian revolution in the imperialist era and had far-reaching significance and influence. (nature)

(3) It broke the situation in which the capitalist system had dominated the world for hundreds of years and changed the world structure.

(4) Promoted the development of the international communist movement.

Thinking: Try to compare the ways in which the Russian Revolution and the Chinese Revolution achieved victory? What inspiration did you get?

Difference: Russia adopted riots in central cities and seized power with arms. China, on the other hand, adopted the strategy of surrounding the cities from the countryside and seizing power with armed force;

Enlightenment: Marxism-Leninism has been flexibly applied in China. Therefore, when we learn and deal with things, we must also pay attention to the flexible application of knowledge and methods, rather than copying them mechanically.

2. Wartime Communist Policy (1918-1921)

1. Reason

In order to crush the reactionary forces at home and abroad, __________ launched an offensive and defended the Soviet power. (internal and external troubles)

2. Content

Agriculture: Surplus Grain Collection System

Industry: nationalization, elimination of private ownership.

Commerce: Nationalization of trade, prohibition of free trade

Distribution: equalization, materialization

3. Function

(1) Active: defend _____________.

(2) Negative: There are many shortcomings and mistakes in _____________.

3. New Economic Policy

1. Background

In 1920, due to seven years of war, the Soviet Union's economy was paralyzed. Food output was 1/2 of what it was before the war, and industrial output was 1/3.

In 1921, the Kronstadt base sailors mutiny, which had been an important pillar of the Bushwick Party in launching the October Revolution, publicly put forward the slogan: "Support the Soviets, but do not allow communists to participate." Why is this happening?

2. Contents of new economic policies

Agriculture: Surplus grain collection system → grain tax

Industry: nationalization, elimination of private ownership → two permissions

Commerce: Nationalization of trade, prohibition of free trade → free trade

Distribution: equalization, materialization → distribution according to work; multiple rewards

What inspiration does the success of Soviet Russia’s new economic policy leave us with:

Focus on economic construction and vigorously develop productivity.

The state should formulate policies based on national conditions and seek truth from facts.

It is necessary to adjust policies in a timely manner and have the courage to innovate.

The state must formulate policies that conform to the will of the people, conform to public opinion, and keep pace with the times.

In order to supply food to the Red Army and emergency food shortage areas,...the regulations for placing surplus grain and feed at the disposal of the state are as follows:

Article 1: All grain and grain feed necessary to meet the needs of the country shall be apportioned to the provinces and levied upon the inhabitants.

Article 3: All quantities of seed grains, grains and grains purchased by grain agencies according to the grain committee’s list are included in the surplus grain collection system.

(Quoted from the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union)

①What policy did the above quotation come from at the time of Soviet Russia?

②What is the purpose?

③What is the background?

Expand and extend

Summarize Lenin’s great contributions

1. Led the October Revolution

2. Established the world’s first country with a proletarian dictatorship

3. The implementation of wartime communism consolidated the new people's democratic regime

4. Implement new economic policies

5. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was established

Class summary

The February Revolution in March 1917 overthrew the tsarist autocratic rule; it was a bourgeois democratic revolution in nature. Lenin published the April Theses, calling for the transition from bourgeois democratic revolution to socialist revolution.

October Revolution Date: November 6, 1917. Leader: Lenin. The headquarters of the uprising: Smolny Palace in Petrograd. Result: The armed uprising in Petrograd was successful, state power returned to the Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, and the world's first socialist country was born. Significance: It created the world's first country under the dictatorship of the proletariat. It was the first victorious proletarian revolution in the era of imperialism and profoundly affected the course of world history.

Wartime Communism Background: Reactionary forces at home and abroad launched an attack on the new Soviet regime, and the Soviet regime was in crisis. Main measures: surplus grain collection system. Characteristics: Extraordinary measures with a military nature (the whole country is a unified military camp).

new economic policy

Background: Wartime communism further worsened the economy and aroused strong dissatisfaction and resistance among the broad masses of workers and peasants. Time: March 1921. Measures: In agriculture, use grain taxes to replace the surplus grain collection system; in industry, allow private operations of small and medium-sized enterprises; in commerce, implement free trade and vigorously develop the commodity economy; in the distribution system, distribute according to work. Significance: It mobilizes the enthusiasm of all parties and effectively promotes the development of the national economy; it lays an economic foundation for the consolidation of proletarian power and further socialist construction; it provides a useful reference for the construction of socialism in economically and culturally backward countries.

Enlightenment to our country: Focus on economic construction and vigorously develop productivity; the country must formulate policies based on national conditions and seek truth from facts; it must adjust policies in a timely manner and keep pace with the times.

Compliance test

1. The similarities between the Russian October Revolution and the February Revolution ( )

A. The target of attack is basically the same. B. The leadership strength is basically the same.

C The results are basically the same D The nature of the revolution is basically the same

2. The Russian October Revolution broke out when ( )

A September 1917 B October 1917 C November 1917 D December 1917

3. Which of the following statements about the New Economic Policy is incorrect ( )

A. Wartime communism aroused people’s dissatisfaction. B. Mobilized people’s enthusiasm for building socialism.

C In agriculture, replace grain taxes with a surplus grain collection system

D The inspiration it gives us is to adjust policies according to national conditions and keep pace with the times.

4． The event that overthrew the Tsarist autocracy in Russia was ( )

A The reforms of Peter I B The reforms of 1861 C The Russian February Revolution D The Russian October Revolution

5. Which of the following cities did the October Revolution first occur in ( )

A Moscow B Petrograd C Leningrad D Stalingrad

6. The first victorious socialist revolution in human history was ( )

A British Chartism B Paris Commune Revolution

C Chinese Revolution D Russian October Revolution

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"Socialist Revolution and Construction under Lenin" The Rapidly Turbulent Modern World PPT Courseware 2:

"Socialist Revolution and Construction Led by Lenin" The Rapidly Turbulent Modern World PPT Courseware 2 February Revolution Time: March 1917 Result: Overthrew the Tsarist autocratic rule, and two regimes coexisted (the Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies and the Provisional Bourgeoisie government)..

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

This template belongs to History courseware East China Normal University Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 2 industry PPT template

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