"Prosperous Qin and Han Culture" PPT courseware on the establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country

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"Prosperous Qin and Han Culture" PPT courseware on the establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country

Part I: The invention and improvement of papermaking

1. The invention of paper

(1) The earliest paper: In 1986, paper made of hemp in the early Western Han Dynasty was unearthed from the Fangmatan Han Tomb in Tianshui, Gansu Province. It is the earliest paper discovered so far, indicating that in the early Western Han Dynasty, paper for drawing and writing had appeared in my country. .

(2) Features: low cost, easy to carry, which greatly facilitates people's writing.

2. Cai Lun improved papermaking technology

(1) Overview:

① Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty improved the papermaking technology in 105 AD based on summarizing the papermaking experience since the Western Han Dynasty. In order to commemorate Cai Lun's achievements, later generations called this paper "Caihou Paper".

②Raw materials: bark, rags, hemp heads, old fishing nets.

(2) Impact: It expands the source of raw materials, reduces the cost of papermaking, and also increases the output and quality of paper, making the use of paper gradually popularized.

3. The spread of papermaking

Papermaking gradually spread eastward to Korea and Japan, and westward to Arab countries, Europe and other places.

4. The significance of the invention of papermaking

The invention and improvement of papermaking in my country have made great contributions to human civilization, promoted cultural exchanges and the popularization of education, are conducive to the preservation and dissemination of human culture, and have profoundly affected the course of world history.

The United States' Time magazine in November 2007 announced the best inventors of all time, and China's Cai Lun ranked fourth.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part 2: Mathematics Achievements

1. "Zhou Bi Suan Jing"

①Content: It records a conversation between the mathematician Shang Gao and the Duke of Zhou in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. It was proposed that the ratio of the Pythagorean string is "three strands, four strings and five strings."

② Significance: It shows that as early as 3,000 years ago, the Chinese realized the Pythagorean Theorem, 500 years earlier than the West.

2. "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic"

①Content: Written during the Eastern Han Dynasty, it summarizes the mathematical achievements before the Eastern Han Dynasty. The book covers most of the arithmetic, algebra and geometry in modern elementary mathematics. Some of the contents were world advanced at the time.

② Achievements: Established the calculation-centered characteristics of ancient Chinese mathematics, indicating that my country’s practical mathematics matured very early.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part 3: Medical Achievements

1. "Huangdi Neijing" of the Western Han Dynasty

(1) Content: It is the first to record the knowledge of human anatomy and blood circulation, and systematically discusses the basic principles of health preservation.

(2) Influence: It is still a classic in the study of traditional Chinese medicine to this day.

2. Famous medical scientists in the Eastern Han Dynasty

Medical Sage——Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing

A famous medical scientist in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He is the author of "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases", which comprehensively expounds the theory and treatment principles of traditional Chinese medicine and lays the foundation for traditional Chinese medicine treatment in my country. Later generations honored him as the "Medical Sage".

Miracle Doctor——Hua Tuo

Hua Tuo

A famous medical scientist in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Specializes in acupuncture and surgery. The general anesthetic drug "Mafei San" he made was a pioneering work in the history of world medicine.

He also created a set of medical gymnastics "Five Animal Exercises" to strengthen the body.

List my country’s world-leading scientific and technological achievements during the Qin and Han Dynasties

1. In the early Western Han Dynasty, paper for writing and drawing appeared in my country, and it was the first country in the world to invent paper. (801)

2. The seismograph invented by Zhang Heng is recognized as the earliest seismograph in the world.

3. Some contents of "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" were world advanced at the time.

4. The general anesthetic drug "Mafei San" made by Hua Tuo was a pioneering work in the history of world medicine.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part 4: Historiography: Sima Qian and "Historical Records"

(1) Content(802)

It records a history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi era to the Han Dynasty Emperor Wu.

(2) Style: It is my country's first biographical general history.

(3) Value:

"Historical Records" has had a profound impact on the development of historiography and literature in later generations.

①Historical value: complete style, detailed historical materials, progressive viewpoints, striving to seek truth from facts, and becoming a model for later generations to write history books. His pioneering method of chronicling historiography was passed down by the "official histories" of subsequent dynasties.

②Literary value: The writing is concise, the language is vivid, and it has strong appeal. It is an excellent literary work and plays an important role in the history of Chinese literature.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part 5: The Introduction of Buddhism

1. The time when Buddhism emerged.

2. The founder of Buddhism.

3. The origin of Buddhism.

4. Buddhist teachings.

Buddhism originated in ancient India. It was introduced to the Central Plains through the Silk Road in the late Western Han Dynasty and gradually flourished in the early Eastern Han Dynasty.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part Six: Thinking Expansion

1. After Buddhism was introduced to our country, most of the earliest believers were emperors and nobles. Why did they believe in Buddhism? Later, poor people also began to believe in Buddhism. Why?

Rulers believe in Buddhism because Buddhism allows people to endure pain and meets the ruler's political needs. Therefore, the rulers vigorously supported and promoted Buddhism.

The basic teachings of Buddhism preach the cycle of life and death and karma, catering to the poor people's expectations for happiness in the next life.

2. What impact has the rise and spread of Buddhism had on the development of Chinese culture?

Common sayings in daily life: "Good deeds will be rewarded with good deeds, and evil deeds will be rewarded with evil deeds. It's not that there will be no retribution. The time has not yet come." Five bodies bow to the ground, clear rules and precepts, the vast world, put down the butcher knife and become a Buddha immediately, great kindness and compassion, short-lived...

Art: With the introduction of Buddhism, pagodas, Buddha statues, Buddhist temples and other buildings with Buddhist artistic characteristics have emerged. Grotto art, sculpture art, painting art, music, and dance art are all influenced by Buddhism to varying degrees.

Prosperous Qin and Han Culture PPT, Part Seven: Class Summary

Sima Qian and "Historical Records"

Time: Western Han Dynasty, period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty

Content: Narrates more than 3,000 years of history from the Yellow Emperor to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty

Style: my country's first biographical general history

Value: "Historian's swansong, rhymeless lisao"

The introduction of Buddhism

Time: 1st century AD (late Western Han Dynasty)

Route: Introduced to my country from ancient India via the Silk Road

Impact: It has injected new factors into Chinese culture and has had a profound impact on our country's ideological, culture, literature, art, and festival customs.

The rise of Taoism

Time: Eastern Han Dynasty

Source of thought: Taoist thought and magical alchemy

Advocacy: Cultivate one's moral character, refine elixirs, attain enlightenment and become an immortal

Influence: It has greatly influenced my country's ancient culture, left a profound mark on Chinese culture, and objectively promoted the development of ancient Chinese chemistry and medicine.

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for eighth-grade history and society from the People's Education Press, PPT download of the prosperous Qin and Han culture, PPT download of the establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country, .PPT format;

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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