"The Multipolar Trend of the World Political Pattern" The Evolution of the Post-War World Pattern PPT Courseware 6

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"The Multipolar Trend of the World Political Pattern" The Evolution of the Post-War World Pattern PPT Courseware 6

content standards

Take the Kosovo War and other historical events as examples to understand the multi-polar trend of the world political landscape.

Textbook analysis

1. The end of the bipolar pattern

2. Kosovo War

3. Multipolar trend

1. The end of the bipolar pattern

What is a bipolar pattern?

Bipolar pattern: refers to the pattern of international relations in which the two major political and military blocs, led by the United States and the Soviet Union, confront each other. It is the basic feature of the Yalta system formed after the war.

After the end of the bipolar pattern, what are the general characteristics of the world situation?

The general characteristic is that it is moving towards relaxation, but it presents a situation where relaxation and tension, peace and turmoil coexist.

2. Kosovo War

The world after the end of the two-level structure

The two-tier structure has ended, but factors that threaten world peace still exist. Regional conflicts, ethnic conflicts, religious disputes, coupled with US hegemony, power politics and terrorism, pose severe challenges to the world's multi-polar trend. Such as the Kosovo War, the Iraq War, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.

From March 24 to June 10, 1999, NATO, led by the United States, carried out a 78-day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia under the guise of "humanitarian intervention."

What is the "reason" for NATO, led by the United States, to use force against Yugoslavia?

Some Western countries, led by the United States, claim that human rights have no borders and that human rights are higher than sovereignty. The principle of non-interference in internal affairs no longer applies to human rights issues. They believed that the Yugoslav Serbian police violated "human rights" during the Kosovo conflict and therefore launched a war against Yugoslavia.

What harm did the Kosovo war cause?

During the 78 days of indiscriminate bombing of Yugoslavia, NATO dispatched more than 26,000 aircraft and dropped more than 21,000 tons of bombs on more than 100,000 square kilometers of Yugoslavia, destroying schools and factories. , enterprises, bridges, hospitals, power stations, news organizations and other civilian facilities. In this war in Yugoslavia, more than 1,800 innocent civilians died, more than 6,000 were injured, and nearly 1 million people were displaced. On May 8, U.S. planes brazenly attacked the Chinese Embassy in South Africa, killing three Chinese journalists, injuring more than 20 diplomats, and severely damaging the embassy building.

On March 20, 2003, US President George W. Bush launched the Iraq War on the pretext that Iraq concealed weapons of mass destruction and secretly supported terrorism. On April 9, the Iraqi capital Baghdad was captured. On December 14, former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was arrested and hanged on December 30, 2006. The Iraq War is an important step in the United States' global strategic expansion. It is an unjust war based on geopolitical strategic considerations, promoting American democracy and values, controlling Middle East oil, and plotting against Europe.

The Kosovo War was an important milestone in the transformation of the world structure at the end of the 20th century.

①Essence: Promote a foreign policy of hegemonism and power politics.

②The United States ignores the United Nations Charter and the norms of international relations and uses force against sovereign countries, posing a serious threat to world peace.

③The so-called "human rights are higher than sovereignty" means replacing human rights with hegemony and creating excuses to interfere in other countries' internal affairs and use force against sovereign countries.

④China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and opposes any form of hegemonism.

⑤Peace and development are the world trend, and hegemonism is unpopular.

3. Multipolar trend

"Pole" and "World Pattern"

"Ji" is originally a concept in natural science. Domestic and foreign scholars use it to refer to countries and groups of countries in the world that have strong political, economic, and military strength or are in a restrictive position in the relations between countries, and have important influence on world politics and economy. ; Or called the power center.

The world pattern refers to the relatively stable international core structure and strategic situation formed by the interconnection and interaction between the world's major countries and country groups within a certain historical period. It is based on the balance of interests and forces.

The impact of world multipolarity:

1. In line with the objective laws of world development

2. Conducive to the common will and interests of the people of all countries

3. Helps avoid a new world war

4. Conducive to curbing hegemonism and power politics

5. Conducive to promoting the establishment of a fair and reasonable new international political and economic order

6. Conducive to promoting coordinated and balanced development of world economy and culture

Classroom training

1. (2010·Qingdao Academic Examination) After the outbreak of the Kosovo War in 1999, a newspaper commented: "This is the first large-scale military action taken against a sovereign country without the authorization of the United Nations since the founding of NATO." Here The "sovereign country" refers to ( )

A． Iraq

B. Yugoslavia

C． Afghanistan

D． Albania

2. (2010·Changsha Academic Examination) The current world political situation is ( )

A． In a bipolar situation

B. A multipolar pattern has been formed

C． Japan has become the only superpower

D． A situation of "one super, many powers" has temporarily formed, and it is developing in the direction of multipolarity.

3. (2010·Ezhou High School Entrance Examination) The root cause of the multi-polarization of the world political landscape lies in ( )

A． The end of bipolarity

B. The impact of hegemony

C． The rise of the third world

D． Multipolarity of economic power

5. (2010·Shiyan Academic Examination) Briefly answer the following questions

(1) Currently, the world's political and economic landscape is undergoing profound changes. What is its development trend?

(2) After World War II, the world political landscape was in a "bipolar" period, and the United States and the Soviet Union experienced a "Cold War" that lasted for more than 40 years. What marked the beginning and end of the "Cold War"?

(3) Currently, faced with profound changes in the world’s political and economic landscape, what should China do? Please put forward a rational suggestion from both political and economic aspects.

Reference answer: (1) Currently, the development trends of the world structure and economic structure are multipolarization and globalization respectively.

(2) The beginning of the "Cold War" was marked by the introduction of the "Truman Doctrine"; the end was marked by the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

(3) Oppose hegemonism politically and promote the multi-polar development of the world; further reform and open up economically, learn foreign management experience and technology, formulate measures to prevent risks, and integrate into the trend of globalization (this question is an open question, students only need to If it makes sense, you can give points as appropriate).

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