"Dramatic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union" PPT courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries

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"Dramatic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union" PPT courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries

1. Drastic changes in Eastern Europe

1. Serious social crises in Eastern European countries

Why are there serious social crises in Eastern European countries? What are the consequences?

reason:

(1) In the 1980s, the shortcomings of the highly centralized political and economic systems in Eastern European countries became increasingly apparent;

(2) Errors occurred in the reform;

as a result of:

Economic development has slowed down, people's living standards have dropped significantly, and social unrest has occurred.

2. The drastic changes in Eastern Europe and their essence

What is the drastic change in Eastern Europe? When did the drastic changes in Eastern Europe occur?

Essence: The capitalist system in Eastern European countries replaced the socialist system.

Major countries in the drastic changes in Eastern Europe:

①Poland

②GDR

③Romania

④Hungary

⑤Czechoslovakia

⑥Bulgaria

⑦Albania

⑧Yugoslavia

Reasons for the drastic changes in Eastern Europe:

(1) Serious economic crisis and political crisis

(2) The impact of Gorbachev’s reforms

(3) The serious impact of the West’s “peaceful evolution”

What is "peaceful evolution"? What is the main means used by Western countries to carry out "peaceful evolution" of socialist countries?

2. The disintegration of the Soviet Union

1. Gorbachev’s reforms exacerbated the social crisis

Reform content:

① Advocate to replace scientific socialism with "democratic socialism" and advocate "democratization" and "openness."

②Carry out fundamental reform of the political system.

2. "August 19" Incident (1991)

3. The "Alma-Ata Declaration" was issued and the Soviet Union collapsed.

Time: December 1991

Location: Almaty, the capital of Kazakhstan

4. Impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union

The disintegration of the Soviet Union ended the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union for more than 40 years after the war, marking the complete disintegration of the bipolar pattern.

knowledge consolidation

When did the Soviet Union disintegrate ( )

A.1921 B.1922

C.1989 D.1991

Imagination world

What lessons can you draw from the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union?

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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