"Reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern European Socialist Countries" PPT courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries

Description

"Reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern European Socialist Countries" PPT courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries

During Stalin's rule, administrative means were used entirely to formulate plans for economic construction, which seriously violated the laws of the market, resulting in a serious imbalance in the proportion of the national economy. Heavy industry developed rapidly, while the development of light industry and agriculture was slow or even declined, and people's lives were seriously affected. The field of power mechanism is the "Stalin model". The most serious drawback of the rigid system is reflected in the peak of Stalin's personality cult and personal dictatorship in his later years.

content standards

1. Understand Khrushchev’s reforms

2. Know about Gorbachev’s reforms

3. Take the Hungarian reform as an example to understand the reform movements in Eastern European socialist countries

Textbook analysis

1. Khrushchev’s reforms

2.Hungarian Reform

3. Gorbachev’s reforms

1. Khrushchev’s reforms

(1) Politically: Criticize the cult of personality, strengthen democracy and the rule of law, and redress unjust, false, and erroneous cases on a large scale.

In 1956, the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, "On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences," was of great significance in exposing and criticizing the cult of personality. However, its total denial of Stalin caused ideological confusion and had a great negative impact on the Soviet Union and the international communist movement. Influence.

(2) Economically: Boldly reform the planned economic system, reduce centralization, increase local autonomy, and adopt some measures that are conducive to the development of industrial and agricultural production.

What is the historical significance of Khrushchev’s reforms?

Although Khrushchev's reforms achieved some results, they served as a reference for subsequent reforms. However, due to continuous policy mistakes and some unrealistic formulations, many problems have been brought to the Soviet party and state.

2.Hungarian Reform

Hungary overview

Background: In the early 1950s, Hungary copied the Soviet model in socialist construction, resulting in a serious imbalance in the proportion of national economic development and a setback in people's enthusiasm for production.

Time: end of 1956

Character: Kadar

What are the contents of Hungarian reforms?

1. Politically: vigorously promote democratic centralism, widely unite people from all walks of life, and strengthen the construction of the legal system.

2. Economically: On the basis of socialist public ownership of the means of production, implement planned management and market regulation, expand enterprise autonomy, strengthen enterprise democratic management; slow down the development of heavy industry, vigorously support the development of agriculture and light industry, and actively Improve people's lives.

3. Gorbachev’s reforms

(1) Economic reform

Domestic reforms focus on the economy, proposing to accelerate the development of the socialist economy and improve economic efficiency. However, due to the underestimation of difficulties and the lack of specific and feasible supporting measures, the reform effect was poor.

(2) Political reform

When economic reforms fail, turn to the political system. In June 1988, it proposed a transition to "humane and democratic socialism" and a so-called "fundamental change" in the political system.

(3) New thinking diplomacy

In parallel with domestic reforms, Soviet leaders also carried out "new thinking diplomacy", pursued Soviet-American cooperation and the so-called "European Building", fantasized about receiving large amounts of Western economic aid, and implemented compromises and concessions.

Classroom training

1. (2010·Rizhao Academic Examination) The main reason why Khrushchev’s reform failed in the end was ( )

A． failed to improve the overall national strength of the Soviet Union

B． No political reform measures have been taken

C. The bipolar pattern has not changed

D. Failure to fundamentally break through the original political and economic model

2. (2010·Jiangxi High School Entrance Examination) When commenting on a certain reform, a scholar said: "It was cold, so I wanted to get some wood to bake my hands, but unexpectedly I burned down the whole house." According to this judgment, what he was commenting on was ( )

A. Lenin’s New Economic Policy

B． Roosevelt's New Deal

C. Deng Xiaoping's reforms

D. Gorbachev's reforms

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"Reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern European Socialist Countries" Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries PPT Courseware 2:

"Reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern European Socialist Countries" Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries PPT Courseware 2 1. Khrushchev's Reform 1. Background of the Reform 2. Content of the Reform ① Political ② Economic 3. Evaluation of the Reform 2. Hungarian Reform 1. Hungarian Reform ① Change..

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to History courseware Yuelu Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 2 industry PPT template

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