"The Result" PPT courseware

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"The Result" PPT courseware

(1) The formation of fruits

The ovary develops into the fruit and the ovary wall becomes the pericarp. In addition to the ovary, other parts of angiosperms such as the receptacle and calyx are also involved in the formation of the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp of the fruit.

Parthenocarpy - spontaneous parthenocarpy: such as bananas, persimmons, papayas, etc.

Inducing parthenocarpy: tomatoes, grapes, and various growth hormones are sprayed on the stigma.

Seedless fruits: Due to the phenomenon of parthenocarpy, seedless fruits can be obtained.

Ripening: the process of a series of physiological changes that occur after the fruit stops growing.

(2) Types of fruits

Classification of fruits

Basis 1: Source of peel

The peel is only developed from the ovary wall → it is called a true fruit

Developed from the ovary wall and other parts of the flower → false fruit

Basis 2: Number of pistils in a flower

There is only one pistil, forming one fruit → single fruit

There are multiple pistils, forming multiple fruits, which are gathered together → aggregate fruit

The entire inflorescence develops into fruits together → Juhuaguo (complex fruit)

Basis 3: According to the properties of the peel

After maturity, the peel is thick and the flesh is called fleshy fruit.

After ripening, the peel is dry and juiceless and the fruit is called dried fruit.

Classification based on the properties of the peel when the fruit is ripe

fleshy fruit

Berries: Mesocarp and endocarp are fleshy, with many seeds. Tomatoes, melons, citrus

Drupe: The outer skin is membranous, medium fleshy, and the inner wood is woody, with 1 seed.

Pome: The ovary is inferior, the receptacle participates in fruit formation, and the endocarp is woody.

dried fruit

cracked fruit

Pod: single carpel, split along dorsal and ventral sutures. pod

Results: Single carpel, split along dorsal or ventral sutures. Star anise, peony

Capsule: connate carpel, 1 or more cells, many seeds, various dehiscence methods

Silique: 2-carpel, 2-chambered, with false septum, split along ventral suture. Rapeseed, cabbage

closed fruit

Achenes: small, 1 seed, hard skin, easy to separate from seeds, sunflower

Samara: the peel extends into a wing shape, which is easy to spread by the wind, maple, elm

Nuts: The peel is woody, with 1 seed and involucre, hazelnut, chestnut

Caryopsis: The pericarp is thin, leathery, healed with the seed coat, 1 seed. wheat

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Update Time: 2024-10-01

This template belongs to science courseware E-education edition third grade science volume 2 industry PPT template

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