"Dissolution of Substances in Water" PPT

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"Dissolution of Substances in Water" PPT

Part One: Review:

1. Solute: the substance that is dissolved

Solvent: A substance that dissolves other substances

Solution: A substance obtained by dissolving a solute in a solvent

Solutions that usually do not specify a solvent generally refer to aqueous solutions.

2. Solution: It is a uniform, stable and transparent mixture.

Suspension: A mixture of small solid particles suspended in a liquid.

Emulsion: A mixture of small droplets dispersed in an (immiscible) liquid.

Dissolution of substances in water PPT, Part 2: Saturated solutions and unsaturated solutions

[Thinking] Under certain conditions, can a solute be dissolved infinitely in a certain amount of solvent?

Dissolution of copper sulfate

Add 20mL of water to the beaker and heat it to about 70°C with an alcohol lamp. Add copper sulfate crystals to the beaker, one spoon at a time, and stir with a glass rod until the copper sulfate crystals can no longer dissolve.

Phenomenon: A blue solution is obtained, and the copper sulfate no longer dissolves after a certain time.

Conclusion: Under certain conditions (a certain amount of solvent, a certain temperature), the solute cannot dissolve infinitely in the solvent.

1. Saturated solution:

A solution that cannot continue to dissolve a certain solute in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature is called a saturated solution of this solute.

2. Unsaturated solution:

A solution that can continue to dissolve a certain solute in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature is called an unsaturated solution of this solute.

Dissolution of substances in water PPT, part 3 content: [Thinking and discussion]

How to tell if a solution is saturated?

1. If there is a small amount of undissolved solute in the solution, it is a saturated solution.

2. Add a small amount of solute. The solute that can continue to dissolve is an unsaturated solution, and the solute that cannot be dissolved is a saturated solution.

think:

Fill in the "mass of solute", "mass of solvent" or "mass of solution"

1. When a saturated solution is diluted with water to become an unsaturated solution, the quantity that remains unchanged is _____, and the quantities that change are _____ and _____.

2. When the water evaporates from an unsaturated solution to become a saturated solution, the quantity that remains unchanged is _____, and the quantities that change are _____ and _____.

3. When a solute is added to an unsaturated solution to become a saturated solution, the quantity that remains unchanged is _____, and the quantities that change are _____ and _____.

Dissolution of substances in water PPT, Part 4 content: Classroom exercises

1. At a certain temperature, the saturated solution of a certain substance must be ( )

A. Very concentrated solution

B. Very dilute solution

C. A solution in which the solute can continue to dissolve when the solute is added

D. Add the solute and the solute cannot continue to dissolve in the solution

2. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. In a certain amount of solvent, a saturated solution of table salt is more concentrated than its unsaturated solution.

B. A concentrated solution must be a saturated solution, and a dilute solution must be an unsaturated solution.

C. A saturated solution of potassium nitrate at 20°C will remain a saturated solution when the temperature rises to 60°C, other conditions remaining unchanged.

D. For solutions of the same solute, at a certain temperature, the saturated solution is more concentrated than the unsaturated solution.

3. Decide whether the following statements are correct:

① A saturated solution of the same substance must be more concentrated than an unsaturated solution

② At a certain temperature, add a small amount of potassium nitrate to the potassium nitrate solution. If the quality of the solution remains unchanged, the solution is a saturated solution.

③ A saturated solution of the same substance must have more solute than an unsaturated solution.

④At a certain temperature, if the mass of the solute does not change, the unsaturated solution cannot be turned into a saturated solution.

⑤ A saturated solution of sodium chloride at a certain temperature must not be able to continue to dissolve sucrose.

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Update Time: 2024-06-10

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