"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware 2

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"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware 2

Preparation before class

1. Write down the chemical formulas of common acids in life.

2. Complete the following equations

Mg Al Zn Fe; chemical equations for the reaction of iron oxide and copper oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid respectively.

1. Concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid

Concentrated hydrochloric acid is highly volatile, and the volatilized HCl gas dissolves in the water vapor in the air to form small droplets of hydrochloric acid.

1. Concentrated hydrochloric acid

(1) Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of HCl gas

(2) Concentrated hydrochloric acid is highly volatile. The volatilized HCl gas dissolves in the water vapor in the air to form small droplets of hydrochloric acid - white mist.

2. Concentrated sulfuric acid

(1) Water absorption:

Concentrated sulfuric acid can absorb water in the air and solutions.

Usage: as desiccant

[For example] If the laboratory wants to obtain dry carbon dioxide gas, the gas can be passed through concentrated sulfuric acid.

How will the mass of concentrated sulfuric acid change if it is exposed to the air?

How will the mass fraction of the solute change?

2. Chemical properties of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid

1. React with acid-base indicators

① Acid solution can turn purple litmus test solution into red.

② The acid solution cannot change the color of the colorless phenolphthalein test solution.

2. React with certain metals

Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

Metal activity sequence table

Magnesium Mg+2HCl=MgCl2+H2↑ Mg+H2SO4=MgSO4+H2↑

Zinc Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2↑ Zn +H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2↑

Iron Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑ Fe +H2SO4=FeSO4+H2↑

2. Alkali

Ionization equation:

KOH = K++ OH-

Ba(OH)2 = Ba2++ 2 OH-

NaOH = Na++OH-

Compounds in which all the anions produced during ionization are hydroxide ions are called bases.

Chemical formula characteristics: Bases end with "OH"

I would like to ask: Is Cu2(OH)2CO3 a base?

[Practice in class]

1. Which of the following substances is soluble in water and does not conduct electricity ( )

A. Sulfuric acid B. Potassium nitrate C. Alcohol D. Potassium hydroxide

2. It is experimentally proven that there are only Na+ and SO42- in a certain compound solution, then the compound is ()

A.Na2CO3 B.NaCl C.Na2SO4 D.NaHSO4

3. Which of the following ionization equations is correct ( )

A. FeSO4=Fe3+ +SO42- B. Ca(OH)2=Ca2+ +(OH)2-

C. AlCl3=Al3+ +3Cl- D. H2SO4=H+ +SO42-

4. Which of the following ionization equations is the acid ionization equation ( )

A.HCl =H+ +Cl- B.KNO3=K+ +NO3-

C.NaOH=Na+ +OH- D.NaCl=Na+ +Cl-

5. Which of the following does not belong to salt ( )

A.Cu2(OH)2CO3 B.CH3COOH

C.NaHSO4 D.Na2CO3

6. In a solution containing the following ions, the solute is all acid ( )

A.H+ Na+ SO42- B.H+ Cl- NO3-

C.OH- K+ Ba2+ D.Ag+ K+ NO3-

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"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware 3:

"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware 3 1. Several common acids: 1. Physical properties of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid [Review Questions] 1. What are acids and bases? 2. What are the composition characteristics of acids and bases? Observe P11 experiments 1, 2, and 3 and complete the following...

"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware:

"Several Common Acids and Bases" Initial Acids, Bases and Salts PPT Courseware Review before class 1. What kind of compound is called a base? Compounds in which all cations produced during ionization are H+ are called bases. 2. Which of the following compounds are bases? NaOH KOH Ca(OH)2 Ba(OH..

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Update Time: 2024-06-29

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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