"From the Anshi Rebellion to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms" open and innovative PPT courseware of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

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"From the Anshi Rebellion to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms" open and innovative PPT courseware of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

1. "Anshi Rebellion"

1. Concept

2. Reasons for rebellion

3. The course of the rebellion

4. The destruction of the Tang Dynasty by rebellion

2. Separation of vassal towns and the decline of the Tang Dynasty

1. The Tang Dynasty after the rebellion

2. The fall of the Tang Dynasty

Three, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

1.The formation of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

2. New situation in the late Five Dynasties

1. Concept

The "Anshi Rebellion" was a rebel war launched by local generals An Lushan and Shi Siming in the Tang Dynasty of China to compete with the central government for dominance.

Time: From the fourteenth year of Tianbao of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (755) to the second year of Zongbaoying of the Tang Dynasty (763), it lasted eight years and was pacified by three generations of emperors.

Identity Investigation: An Lushan

Originally from Liucheng, Yingzhou, he is a mixture of Hu people and Turks from the Western Regions. He is proficient in several languages ​​of ethnic minorities on the border.

He was good at flattering people and secretly bribed courtiers to consolidate his power and win the favor of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

Story link: What stories about Anlushan do you know?

He was good at planning and planning. He spent ten years actively preparing for the mutiny, recruiting a large number of foreigners as soldiers, and replacing the positions of Han officers with foreigners, and established a military group that was completely obedient to his own orders, independent and good at fighting.

2. Reasons for rebellion

The vassal town was established

① Set up ten military towns, managed by nine Jiedu envoys and one Jinglue envoy.

②The Jiedushi of a town not only manages the military but also the civil affairs and finance within the jurisdiction.

military structure

①The military strength is internally heavy but externally light → externally heavy but internally light.

②An Lushan also served as the Jiedushi of the three towns.

Xuanzong's neglect of government

① From frugality to luxury, spend money like water.

② Favoring traitors and neglecting government affairs.

Generals are at odds with each other

①An Lushan and Yang Guozhong competed for favor.

②Conflicts cannot be reconciled.

3. The course of the rebellion

Time: 755-763

Leaders of the rebellion: An Lushan, Shi Siming

The place where the troops started: Fan Yang

Important locations captured: Luoyang, Chang'an

Generals who countered the rebellion: Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi

1. The Tang Dynasty after the rebellion

(1) Separation of vassal towns

What power does Jiedushi have in the feudal town? What kind of problem developed into it later?

(2) The exclusive power of eunuchs

In the Eastern Han Dynasty and the pre-Ming Dynasty, the eunuchs caused great harm, but they still stole the sovereignty and wreaked havoc on the world. In the Tang Dynasty, the power of the eunuchs was higher than that of the ruler. It was child's play to establish a king, kill the king, and depose the king. This was actually unprecedented change in ancient times. ——"Notes on the Twenty-Two Histories"

(3) Peasant uprising: Huangchao uprising

It greatly impacted the already weakened Tang Dynasty rule.

2. The fall of the Tang Dynasty

In 907, Zhu Wen, the governor of Jiedu, destroyed the Tang Dynasty and established the Liang Dynasty, known as "Latter Liang" in history. China entered the "Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms" period.

1. The formation of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

According to the map, what do the "Five Dynasties" and "Ten Kingdoms" refer to?

What kind of period is this? What is the connection between its emergence and the separatism of feudal towns?

2. New situation in the late Five Dynasties

(1) The people suffered from division, separatism and war, and demanded reunification;

(2) The national power increased greatly during the reign of Chai Rong, Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty, laying the foundation for subsequent unification.

Consolidation exercises

1. The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline was ( )

A. Digging the Grand Canal B. Anshi Rebellion

C． Separation of vassal towns D. Eunuch's exclusive power

2. Which of the following periods does not belong to the stage of separation of political power in China ( )

A. Three Kingdoms, Two Jins, Southern and Northern Dynasties B. Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period

C． Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms D． Qin and Han

3. Talk about the impact of the Anshi Rebellion on the Tang Dynasty and the course of ancient Chinese history

(1) Social chaos. The war caused an unprecedented catastrophe to society.

(2) Separation of vassal towns. The Anshi Rebellion dealt a heavy blow to the ruling foundation of the Tang Dynasty, weakened feudal centralization, and created the necessary conditions for warlord separatism, which caused the Tang Dynasty to decline from prosperity to recovery.

(3) Exploitation intensifies. The war caused a serious shortage of labor force, and the ruling class had to increase taxes and squeeze the people, making class oppression even deeper. As a result, the contradiction between the peasant class and the landlord class became increasingly acute, and finally forced the peasants to launch an uprising, forming the climax of the peasant rebellion in the middle and late Tang Dynasty.

(4) The border is unstable. After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty also lost control over ethnic minorities in surrounding areas. With the rebellion in Anlu Mountain, the Tang Dynasty dispatched heavy troops in the Longyou, Hexi, and Shuofang areas inland, leaving the border defenses empty. The Tibetans from the west took the opportunity to move in and seize the Longyou and Hexi corridors.

(5) The economic center of gravity shifts southward. The Anshi Rebellion prompted another migration of people from the north to the south in Chinese history, causing the economic center to move further south.

(6) Independence of the Western Regions. Before the Anshi Rebellion, it was the heyday of the Tang Dynasty's management of the Western Regions. However, with the drastic changes in the domestic political situation since then, the Tang Dynasty's power in the Western Regions also declined greatly, falling from a peak to a trough.

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Update Time: 2024-06-23

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