"The Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT Courseware

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"The Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT Courseware

Part 1: Essential knowledge and foundation of literacy

1. The relationship between the amount of matter and various physical quantities

1. Diagrammatic relationship

2. Calculation formula

(1) The mass of the known substance: n(B)=_______;

(2) The gas volume under known standard conditions: n (B) = _________;

(3) The number of particles of known matter: n(B)=_______;

(4) The amount concentration of the substance in the solution is known: n(B)= _______________.

[Do it] The amount of substance in 22 g CO2 is ________ mol, and its volume under standard conditions is _________L.

2. The relationship between stoichiometric numbers and each stoichiometry in chemical equations

2Na+2H2O====2NaOH+H2↑

Ratio of measurement numbers: 2:2: 2:1

Expand NA times: 2NA ∶ 2NA ∶ 2NA ∶ NA

Ratio of amounts of substances: 2 mol: 2 mol: 2 mol: 1 mol

Mass ratio: 46 g: 36 g: 80 g: 2 g

Conclusion: The ratio of stoichiometric numbers in chemical equations is equal to the ratio of _________, which is also equal to the ratio of _________. For reactions involving gases, it is also equal to the ratio of _____.

[Situation·Thinking] Two students A and B had the following discussion on the application of the amount of matter in the calculation of chemical equations:

Which classmate do you agree with?

Hint: A. If the physical quantity units of the substances given in the question are inconsistent, converting them into the same unit sometimes seems very cumbersome. In this case, you only need to make sure that the units of each quantity are "the same up and down, and the left and right are equivalent."

The application of the quantity of matter in the calculation of chemical equations PPT, part 2 content: Key capabilities·Quality formation

Knowledge point: The basic steps for applying the amount of substance to the calculation of chemical equations

[Key points to clarify doubts]

1. Calculation steps

2. Things to note during calculation

(1) Standardization of writing format: In the process of calculation based on chemical equations, each physical quantity, substance name, formula, etc. should be represented by symbols as much as possible, and the data calculations should be formulated with units.

(2) Correspondence of units: When calculating based on chemical equations, if the two units of quantity given in the question are inconsistent, it should be noted that the units of the two quantities should be "consistent up and down, and equivalent left and right."

(3) If the amounts of both reactants are known, when calculating the amount of a certain product, you must first determine which substance is in excess, and then calculate based on the insufficient amount of substance.

(1) Why do the units of the same substance have to be unified when calculating using chemical equations, but different substances do not have to be unified?

Tip: When the same substance is expressed by different physical quantities, the proportions are the same. For example, 1 mol of sodium is exactly the same as 23 g of sodium.

(2) Does the above reaction occur at normal temperature and pressure? Explain the reasons for your judgment.

Hint: No. Because the volume of 1 mol of hydrogen in the calculation is 22.4 L, it means that it must not be carried out at normal temperature and pressure.

【Case Demonstration】

[Typical example] Magnesium-aluminum alloy has good strength, rigidity and dimensional stability, and is often used to make light and thin casings for laptops, mobile phones, etc. Put 10.2 g of magnesium-aluminum alloy powder into excess caustic soda solution to generate 6.72 L of hydrogen under standard conditions. Try calculation:

(1)The mass fraction of aluminum in this alloy is ________.

(2)The ratio of the amounts of magnesium to aluminum in this alloy is ________.

(3) When this alloy is dissolved in a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, the volume of hydrogen produced under standard conditions is ________.

[Problem Solving Guide] You should pay attention to the following two points when answering this question:

(1) Understand the reaction between aluminum and sodium hydroxide solution, and make sure that magnesium does not react with sodium hydroxide solution.

(2) Pay attention to the standard issues when applying chemical equations to calculations.

Keywords: Free download of the PPT courseware for high school chemistry compulsory course 1 of the People's Education Press, PPT download of the application of the amount of matter in the calculation of chemical equations, PPT download of metal materials, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations of Metal Materials", please click the "Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations ppt Metal Materials ppt" tag.

"Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT Download:

"The Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT Download Part One Content: Literacy Objective 1. Review and review the relationship between the quantity of substance n and the number of particles N, the mass of the substance m, the gas volume V, and the solution concentration c The calculation formula consolidates the amount of substance as...

"The Application of the Amount of Substance in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT:

"Application of the Quantity of Substances in the Calculation of Chemical Equations" Metal Materials PPT Part One Content: Objectives and Competencies: 1. Understand the relationship between the stoichiometric numbers and each stoichiometry in the chemical equation. (Model Cognition) 2. Master the role of the amount of matter in the calculation of chemical equations..

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Update Time: 2024-07-29

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press High School Chemistry Compulsory Course I industry PPT template

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